Histograms & Box Plots

Front

What is a histogram?

Back

A histogram is a type of bar graph that represents the frequency distribution of numerical data. Each bar shows the number of data points that fall within a specific range of values.

Front

What is a box plot?

Back

A box plot, or box-and-whisker plot, is a graphical representation of data that shows the median, quartiles, and extremes of a dataset. It helps to visualize the spread and skewness of the data.

Front

What does the median represent in a dataset?

Back

The median is the middle value of a dataset when it is ordered from least to greatest. It divides the dataset into two equal halves.

Front

What is the interquartile range (IQR)?

Back

The interquartile range (IQR) is the difference between the first quartile (Q1) and the third quartile (Q3) in a dataset. It measures the spread of the middle 50% of the data.

Front

How do you find the median of a dataset?

Back

To find the median, first arrange the data in ascending order. If the number of data points is odd, the median is the middle number. If even, it is the average of the two middle numbers.

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What is a statistical question?

Back

A statistical question is one that anticipates variability in the data and can be answered by collecting data. For example, 'How many hours do students study each week?'

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What is a non-statistical question?

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A non-statistical question is one that does not involve variability and can be answered with a single value. For example, 'What is the capital of France?'

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What does the term 'frequency' mean in a histogram?

Back

Frequency refers to the number of times a particular value or range of values occurs in a dataset, represented by the height of the bars in a histogram.

Front

What are quartiles?

Back

Quartiles are values that divide a dataset into four equal parts. The first quartile (Q1) is the median of the lower half, the second quartile (Q2) is the median, and the third quartile (Q3) is the median of the upper half.

Front

How do you interpret a box plot?

Back

In a box plot, the box represents the interquartile range (IQR), the line inside the box shows the median, and the 'whiskers' extend to the smallest and largest values within 1.5 IQR from the quartiles.