Observational study or experiment

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes and records behavior or outcomes without manipulating any variables. It aims to identify correlations or patterns.

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What is an experiment?

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An experiment is a research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a dependent variable, allowing for cause-and-effect conclusions.

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What is the main difference between an observational study and an experiment?

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The main difference is that in an observational study, the researcher does not intervene or manipulate variables, while in an experiment, the researcher actively manipulates variables to observe outcomes.

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What is a variable in research?

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A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. In research, variables are what researchers measure and manipulate.

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What is a dependent variable?

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A dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment. It is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What is an independent variable?

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An independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

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What does it mean to randomly select participants in a study?

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Random selection means choosing participants in such a way that every individual has an equal chance of being selected, which helps to eliminate bias.

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Why is it important to have a control group in an experiment?

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A control group serves as a baseline to compare the effects of the independent variable. It helps to isolate the effect of the treatment being tested.

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What is a confounding variable?

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A confounding variable is an outside influence that can affect the results of an experiment, potentially leading to incorrect conclusions.

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What is correlation?

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Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together. It does not imply causation.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9