EBR Science Biology Units 1-3 Comprehensive Exam Review

How does the structure of DNA determine the structure of proteins?

• DNA directly codes for lipids, which then form proteins.

• DNA sequences are transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins.

• DNA is converted into proteins through a process called photosynthesis.

• DNA does not play a role in protein structure.

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Which of the following best illustrates the role of mitosis in maintaining complex organisms?

• Mitosis is responsible for the production of gametes.

• Mitosis allows for the growth and repair of tissues by producing identical cells.

• Mitosis is a process that occurs only in prokaryotic cells.

• Mitosis results in the production of four genetically diverse cells.

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What role do DNA and chromosomes play in the inheritance of traits?

• They are responsible for the production of energy in cells.

• They code the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.

• They are involved in the digestion of nutrients.

• They do not have any role in inheritance.

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Which of the following can result in inheritable genetic variations?

• Only environmental factors.

• New genetic combinations through meiosis, viable errors during replication, and mutations caused by environmental factors.

• Only errors during DNA replication.

• Only mutations caused by environmental factors.

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What is the primary function of specialized cells in multicellular organisms?

• To perform photosynthesis.

• To carry out specific functions necessary for the organism's survival.

• To produce energy through fermentation.

• To store genetic information.

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Which process is essential for the differentiation of cells in complex organisms?

• Photosynthesis

• Mitosis

• Fermentation

• Respiration

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What is the significance of chromosomes in the process of inheritance?

• They are involved in the production of proteins.

• They carry genetic information that determines traits.

• They are responsible for cellular respiration.

• They do not have any significant role in inheritance.

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Which of the following is a source of genetic variation in organisms?

• Cloning

• Meiosis

• Binary fission

• Budding

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How does the structure of DNA influence the function of proteins?

• DNA structure does not affect protein function.

• The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins.

• DNA structure is only important for cell division.

• DNA structure is only important for energy production.

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What is the role of mitosis in the life cycle of a cell?

• To produce energy for the cell.

• To divide the cell into two identical daughter cells.

• To synthesize proteins.

• To transport nutrients across the cell membrane.

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