Cultural Geography Concepts and Terms

The concept of a cultural landscape refers to which of the following?

• A geographic area that has remained untouched by human activity, preserving its natural state and biodiversity.

• A region defined solely by its physical landforms and natural features, without reference to human influence or activity.

• A geographic area, including both natural and human-modified features, that reflects the cultural practices, values, and historical interactions of its inhabitants.

• A protected area of cultural significance, often designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, preserving ancient architecture and archaeological sites.

• A region primarily characterized by its agricultural productivity and economic resources, shaped by the physical environment.

The term mentifact in cultural geography refers to which of the following

• A tangible object or material artifact that reflects the technological achievements of a society.

• An intangible element of culture, such as beliefs, values, or ideas, that defines the ideological or cognitive aspects of a society.

• A geographical feature shaped by human activity, such as roads, buildings, or urban infrastructure.

• A set of tools or technologies that facilitate communication and interaction within a culture.

• A system of environmental adaptation, such as agricultural practices, that directly shapes a society's physical landscape.

The term sociofact in cultural geography refers to which of the following?

• A physical object or artifact that reflects the technological advancements of a society.

• The organization and structure of a culture

• A geographical feature or landscape element shaped by cultural practices and human interaction.

• An intangible belief or idea that represents the ideological foundation of a society.

• A system of economic activities and trade that facilitates the exchange of goods and services within a culture.

In the context of cultural geography, what is an artifact?

• A physical object created by humans that reflects the technological, economic, or cultural aspects of a society

• A set of intangible ideas, beliefs, or values that define the cognitive aspects of a culture.

• A natural feature or resource that has influenced the development of human settlements and cultural practices.

• A system of social organization or interpersonal relationships that shapes the social dynamics of a community.

• A linguistic system or method of communication that embodies the cultural identity of a society.

Which of the following best explains the difference between a cultural realm and a cultural hearth in cultural geography?

• A cultural realm is a localized area where new cultural traits originate, while a cultural hearth is a larger region encompassing multiple cultures with shared characteristics.

• A cultural realm encompasses only the physical environment influencing cultural practices, while a cultural hearth is limited to social and religious developments.

• A cultural hearth refers to the geographical origin of specific cultural traits or innovations, while a cultural realm is a larger geographic region defined by shared cultural characteristics across multiple societies.

• A cultural realm and a cultural hearth both describe regions of shared cultural traits, but a cultural realm focuses more on language and religion, whereas a cultural hearth emphasizes historical trade networks.

Which of the following best explains the difference between cultural relativism and ethnocentrism?

• Cultural relativism promotes the superiority of one culture over others, while ethnocentrism supports the equal validity of all cultural practices.

• Cultural relativism encourages the adoption of foreign cultural practices, while ethnocentrism rejects all forms of cultural exchange or diffusion.

• Cultural relativism seeks to understand and respect other cultures on their own terms, while ethnocentrism judges other cultures based on the standards and values of one’s own culture.

• Cultural relativism evaluates cultural practices using your own moral principles, while ethnocentrism emphasizes the uniqueness of individual cultural traditions without judgment.

• Cultural relativism focuses on economic and technological differences between cultures, while ethnocentrism is concerned with linguistic and religious distinctions.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a local/traditional culture?

• Strong emphasis on preserving customs and resisting external influences to maintain cultural identity.

• High degree of homogeneity in cultural traits, such as language, religion, and social practices.

• Rapid diffusion of cultural traits and ideas through mass media and global networks.

• Strong ties to a specific geographic area, often emphasizing the importance of place and community.

• Reliance on oral traditions and local knowledge to transmit cultural practices across generations.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of global/pop culture?

• Rapid diffusion of cultural traits and practices through mass media, the internet, and global networks.

• Heterogeneity in population composition and background

• Strong resistance to external influences and a focus on preserving traditional practices unique to a specific community.

• Frequent changes and trends influenced by commercial interests and media-driven consumerism.

• Dependence on advanced technology and global communication systems for cultural transmission and interaction.

Which of the following best explains the connection between global cultures and the decline in cultural diversity?

• The spread of global cultures promotes the revival of endangered languages and traditional practices through increased awareness and media representation.

• Global cultures encourage homogenization by spreading dominant cultural traits, often marginalizing or replacing local and traditional cultures.

• Global cultures rely exclusively on traditional knowledge systems, preserving the diversity of cultural practices and beliefs.

• The expansion of global cultures results in stronger regional identities and resistance to external cultural influences, thereby increasing cultural diversity.

• Global cultures foster cultural diversity by integrating and valuing unique practices from a variety of local cultures worldwide.

Which of the following best defines globalization?

• The process by which cultural, economic, and political activities become more concentrated in local areas, leading to less global interaction.

• The movement of people and goods across national borders, resulting in the integration of regional economies and the spread of cultural practices worldwide.

• The creation of national borders that limit the flow of information, ideas, and goods across countries.

• The gradual shift from urban to rural economies due to advancements in technology and communications.

• The isolation of regions and countries to preserve traditional cultural practices and prevent foreign influence.