The Earth's System Chapter 1 Review

When you hear saltwater, you should immediately think of what body of water?

• Pools

• Oceans

• Ponds

• Lakes

Answer explanation

Saltwater is primarily found in oceans, which cover about 71% of the Earth's surface. Unlike pools, ponds, or lakes, which contain freshwater, oceans are the main bodies of saltwater.

Which of the following is considered "fresh water"? Select all that apply.

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Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

What percentage of Earth's water is fresh water?

• 50%

• 3%

• 25%

• 10%

Answer explanation

Only about 3% of Earth's water is fresh water, while the vast majority, approximately 97%, is salt water found in oceans. Therefore, the correct answer is 3%.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which of the following graphs best shows the amount of salt water vs fresh water on Earth? (Hint: When you think of salt water, what body of water should you automatically think of? Is there more of that than freshwater on Earth?)

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

Graph A best represents the distribution of salt water and fresh water on Earth, as the majority of Earth's water is salt water found in oceans, which is significantly more than the amount of fresh water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

There are many locations on Earth where freshwater can be found. Where is the majority of Earth’s freshwater located?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

If water is in ice form, what state of matter is this called in the image represented?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Answer explanation

Water in ice form is in a solid state of matter. Solids have a definite shape and volume, unlike liquids and gases, which do not. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Solid'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

If water stays the same, what state of matter is it in, represented in the image?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Answer explanation

Water is in the liquid state when it remains the same and does not change into ice (solid) or vapor (gas). Therefore, the correct answer is Liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

If water evaporates, what state of matter would it be in represented in the image?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Answer explanation

When water evaporates, it changes from a liquid state to a gas state. Therefore, the correct answer is gas, as evaporation involves the transition of water molecules into vapor.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Using the samples attached, which of the samples most likely have the lowest temperature? (Hint: Which sample is the most condensed?)

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

Sample A is the most condensed, indicating it has the lowest temperature. Lower temperatures lead to increased condensation, making A the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A student takes Sample B and adds heat. Which model best shows the particles in the sample after it has been heated? (Hint: How would water vapor molecules look like in the air?)

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

After heating, the particles in Sample B would be more spread out and moving rapidly, resembling water vapor in the air. Choice D best illustrates this state, showing the increased energy and distance between particles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4