Research Methods recap

Match the following

• Combining a number of studies

• Meta analysis

• Data collected by someone else

• Quantitative data

• Numerical data that can be measured

• Primary data

• Data collected by the researcher

• Secondary data

• Descriptive data that provides insights

• Qualitative data

Match the following

• Participants do not know the treatment they receive

• Experimental group

• Small scale trial run

• Single blind procedure

• The group which is being tested

• Double blind procedure

• The group used for comparison

• Control group

• Neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives the treatment

• Pilot studies

Match the following

• Variable that is manipulated

• Aim

• Different experimental conditions

• Dependent variable

• Defining a variable in measurable terms

• Operationalisation

• Variable that is measured

• Levels of the IV

• General statement of purpose

• Independent variable

Match the following

• Predicts there will be a difference

• Alternative/research hypothesis

• The hypothesis we want to find as true

• Hypothesis

• Predicts the type of difference

• Directional hypothesis

• A statement that can be tested

• Null hypothesis

• A hypothesis that states there is no effect

• Non-directional hypothesis

Match the following

• Working out the aim & changing behaviour

• Demand characteristics

• Research has an effect on the results

• Extraneous variable

• Same procedures for all ppt

• Investigator effects

• Variable that affects the DV

• Confounding variable

• Varies with IV & affects the DV

• Standardisation

Match the following

• One group in both conditions

• Independent groups

• Ppt randomly placed into group 1 or 2

• Repeated measures

• Two groups in two conditions

• Counterbalancing

• Matched on a variable & split in 2 group

• Matched pairs

• ABBA technique

• Random allocation

Match the following

• Participants select themselves

• Opportunity sampling

• Equal chance of being chosen

• Volunteer sampling

• Proportions of sample match population

• Random sampling

• Every nth person

• Stratified sampling

• Researcher chooses closest people

• Systematic sampling

Match the following

• Two observers compare data

• Test-retest reliability

• Same test on two occasions

• Inter-observer reliability

• The study measures what it should

• Validity

• Genuine, legitimate or accurate results

• Reliability

• Measure of consistency

• Internal validity

Match the following

• Findings can be generalised to real life

• Population validity

• Findings generalised to other times

• External validity

• Appears to measure what it should

• Ecological validity

• The study is valid outside the research

• Temporal validity

• Findings generalised to wider population

• Face validity

Match the following

• No physical/psychological harm

• Right to withdraw

• Participants have agreed to the study

• Informed consent

• Can leave study at any time

• Confidentiality/privacy

• Not invading personal lives & anonymity

• Deception

• Withholding info from participants

• Protection from harm