Research Methods recap

Match the following

• Combining a number of studies

• Primary data

• Data collected by the researcher

• Qualitative data

• Numerical data that can be measured

• Quantitative data

• Data collected by someone else

• Meta analysis

• Descriptive data that provides insights

• Secondary data

Match the following

• The group which is being tested

• Pilot studies

• Neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives the treatment

• Double blind procedure

• Small scale trial run

• Experimental group

• The group used for comparison

• Single blind procedure

• Participants do not know the treatment they receive

• Control group

Match the following

• Different experimental conditions

• Dependent variable

• Variable that is manipulated

• Operationalisation

• General statement of purpose

• Independent variable

• Variable that is measured

• Aim

• Defining a variable in measurable terms

• Levels of the IV

Match the following

• Predicts the type of difference

• Null hypothesis

• The hypothesis we want to find as true

• Directional hypothesis

• A statement that can be tested

• Non-directional hypothesis

• A hypothesis that states there is no effect

• Hypothesis

• Predicts there will be a difference

• Alternative/research hypothesis

Match the following

• Working out the aim & changing behaviour

• Confounding variable

• Variable that affects the DV

• Standardisation

• Research has an effect on the results

• Extraneous variable

• Varies with IV & affects the DV

• Demand characteristics

• Same procedures for all ppt

• Investigator effects

Match the following

• One group in both conditions

• Counterbalancing

• Ppt randomly placed into group 1 or 2

• Random allocation

• ABBA technique

• Matched pairs

• Two groups in two conditions

• Repeated measures

• Matched on a variable & split in 2 group

• Independent groups

Match the following

• Researcher chooses closest people

• Systematic sampling

• Participants select themselves

• Random sampling

• Proportions of sample match population

• Opportunity sampling

• Every nth person

• Stratified sampling

• Equal chance of being chosen

• Volunteer sampling

Match the following

• Measure of consistency

• Validity

• Same test on two occasions

• Reliability

• Two observers compare data

• Test-retest reliability

• Genuine, legitimate or accurate results

• Inter-observer reliability

• The study measures what it should

• Internal validity

Match the following

• The study is valid outside the research

• Population validity

• Appears to measure what it should

• Ecological validity

• Findings generalised to wider population

• Face validity

• Findings can be generalised to real life

• External validity

• Findings generalised to other times

• Temporal validity

Match the following

• No physical/psychological harm

• Informed consent

• Withholding info from participants

• Confidentiality/privacy

• Participants have agreed to the study

• Deception

• Can leave study at any time

• Right to withdraw

• Not invading personal lives & anonymity

• Protection from harm