GP practicing quiz modules 11, 12 and 13

A teacher notices that every time she gives a gold star for good behavior, her students tend to behave better. Which principle of operant conditioning is being applied?

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Extinction

• Positive reinforcement

Emily got food poisoning after eating sushi for the first time. Now, even the smell of sushi makes her feel nauseous. In terms of classical conditioning, the smell of sushi is:

• Unconditioned stimulus (US)

• Neutral stimulus (NS)

• Unconditioned response (UR)

• Conditioned stimulus (CS)

A parent ignores their child’s whining in order to reduce the behavior over time. This technique represents:

• Positive punishment

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive reinforcement

• Extinction

A dog learns to bark only when it hears a specific tone (500 Hz) but not when it hears other tones (e.g., 450 Hz). This is an example of:

• Stimulus generalization

• Extinction

• Higher-order conditioning

• Stimulus discrimination

A student stays up all night studying for an exam. The next day, they struggle to focus and forget key details. Which sleep process was most likely disrupted?

• Circadian rhythm

• Non-REM sleep stages 3 and 4

• Microsleep

• REM sleep

Anna regularly takes short 20-minute naps during her workday. Based on research about 'siestas,' what is a likely benefit she experiences?

• Longer REM cycles

• Better memory consolidation during the night

• Prevention of sleep disorders like insomnia

• Reduced cardiovascular strain and increased alertness

David is described as hardworking, punctual, and organized. He always meets deadlines and avoids procrastination. Which 'Big Five' personality trait best describes him?

• Openness

• Neuroticism

• Agreeableness

• Conscientiousness

A manager observes that one of her employees excels in high-pressure, fast-paced situations but struggles when given repetitive, routine tasks. According to personality theory, the employee is likely high in:

• Neuroticism

• Agreeableness

• Introversion

• Openness to experience

Sarah feels insecure and anxious when meeting new people. She is also sensitive to criticism and often dwells on her mistakes. Which 'Big Five' trait is Sarah likely scoring high on?

• Extraversion

• Conscientiousness

• Openness

• Neuroticism

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own feelings to others?

• Repression

• Regression

• Rationalization

• Projection