Front

What is cell communication?

Back

Cell communication is the process by which cells send and receive signals to coordinate their functions and respond to changes in their environment.

Front

What is a ligand?

Back

A ligand is a signaling molecule that binds to a receptor to initiate a cellular response.

Front

What is a receptor in cell communication?

Back

A receptor is a protein on the cell surface or inside the cell that binds to a ligand and triggers a response.

Front

What are the three main stages of cell communication?

Back

The three main stages are reception, transduction, and response.

Front

What happens during the reception stage of cell communication?

Back

During reception, a ligand binds to a receptor, initiating the signaling process.

Front

What is transduction in cell communication?

Back

Transduction is the process by which the signal is converted into a form that can bring about a cellular response.

Front

What is the response stage in cell communication?

Back

The response stage is when the cell reacts to the signal, which can involve changes in gene expression, enzyme activity, or cell behavior.

Front

How is a cellular response terminated?

Back

A cellular response is terminated by separating the ligand from the receptor or by blocking the transduction pathway.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.

Front

Why is it false that we have discovered a vast majority of cell surface receptor proteins?

Back

It is false because many cell surface receptor proteins remain unidentified, and research is ongoing to discover them.