Cognition New CED

When Raley and Tyler are learning about a new object they've never seen before, which process of perception are they primarily using that relies on external sensory information?

• Top-down processing

• Bottom-up processing

• Schema processing

• Selective attention

Nitya is looking at a series of incomplete circles drawn on a piece of paper. Despite the gaps, she perceives them as complete circles. Which Gestalt principle is she experiencing?

• Proximity

• Similarity

• Closure

• Figure-and-ground

Soham and Bailey are looking at a nearby tree. Which of the following depth cues involves the slight difference between the images projected onto each of their retinas?

• Monocular cues

• Retinal disparity

• Convergence

• Texture gradient

Wyatt and Miki are learning about depth perception in their psychology class. Their teacher asks, "Which of the following is NOT an example of a monocular depth cue?"

• Relative clarity

• Interposition

• Retinal disparity

• Linear perspective

Laura is at a gathering and hears someone mention the word "bark." She immediately thinks of a dog because she has been playing with her pet all day. This is an example of

• priming

• the sunk-cost fallacy

• bottom-up processing

• hindsight bias

During a busy school event, Katie suddenly hears her name mentioned across the room and immediately turns her attention to that conversation. Which concept explains this effect?

• Inattentional blindness

• Cocktail party effect

• Change blindness

• Selective attention

Maddy is studying for her psychology exam and is trying to understand how her brain processes and stores information while she juggles different tasks. Which of the following theories would best explain the dynamic interaction of several components in her memory, including the central executive, phonological loop, and visuospatial sketchpad?

• Multi-store model

• Working memory model

• Levels of processing model

• Long-term potentiation model

Brian is studying for his history exam and wants to remember the key events and their significance. Which process should he use to enhance his memory retention by rehearsing the information in ways that promote meaning rather than rote repetition?

• Maintenance rehearsal

• Elaborative rehearsal

• Chunking

• Encoding

Bailey studied for her history exam in the library. On the day of the exam, she found it easier to recall the information when she was in the library again. Which concept explains this phenomenon?

• Context-dependent memory

• Mood-congruent memory

• State-dependent memory

• Test-effect

During a school intelligence test, Leina felt anxious because she was aware of negative stereotypes about her group's performance. Which factor may lead to inaccuracies in her test results due to these environmental or social circumstances?

• Reliability

• Stereotype threat

• Predictive validity

• Test-retest effect