Chapter 1 Biol 1100

Which of the following statements is true regarding​ evolution?

• Individual organisms adapt to their​ surroundings, and this is called evolution.

• Evolution is the process that always results in the extinction of species.

• Evolution is a process of biological change in which species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments over time.

• Evolution is the process of change over an​ organism's lifetime.

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When you eat​ pizza, the molecules in the pizza are broken down in your cells and carbon is released to the air in the form of carbon dioxide. This is an example of which​ theme?

• Structure fits function at all levels of organization.

• Matter cycles between an organism and its environment.

• Organisms interact.

• Genetic information encoded in DNA determines the structure of proteins.

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What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most​ complex?

• molecule, organelle,​ cell, tissue,​ organ, organism,​ population, ecosystem,​ community, biosphere

• molecule, organelle,​ cell, tissue,​ organ, organism,​ ecosystem, community,​ population, biosphere

• ​molecule, cell,​ tissue, organelle,​ organ, organism,​ population, community,​ ecosystem, biosphere

• molecule, organelle,​ cell, tissue,​ organ, organism,​ population, community,​ ecosystem, biosphere

• ​molecule, organelle,​ tissue, cell,​ organ, organism,​ population, community,​ ecosystem, biosphere

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No amino acid molecule by itself can speed up or catalyze reactions between other molecules.​ However, when amino acids are joined together to make a protein with catalytic​ properties, the new structure​ (enzymatic protein) can speed up the rate of a specific chemical reaction. What does this​ illustrate?

• energy​ flow, processing, and utilization

• polymer duality

• emergent properties

• the​ complexity/simplicity paradox

• the summation theory

Which of the following statements about chemical nutrients in an ecosystem is​ correct?

• They exit the ecosystem in the form of heat.

• They depend on sunlight as their source.

  
  

• They recycle within the​ ecosystem, being constantly reused.

• They cannot be obtained from decomposition.

• They flow through the​ ecosystem, losing some nutrients in the process.

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Which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic​ cells?

• a​ membrane-enclosed nucleus

• ​membrane-enclosed organelles

• the use of DNA as the​ information-storage molecule

• the use of proteins as information storage molecules

• similarity in size

How does DNA​ (deoxyribonucleic acid) encode​ information?

• information is encoded in the sequence of nucleotides

• information is encoded in the number of each different nucleotide

• the genes along the length of DNA molecules encode the information for building all the​ cell's other molecules

• the DNA molecule is composed of many amino acids joined together to form a functional protein

• information is encoded in the different shapes of the DNA molecules

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All the organisms on your campus make up

• a population.

• a community.

• a taxonomic domain.

• an ecosystem.

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Which of the following statements about cells is​ correct?

• Some cells are​ non-living in nature.

• Cells are limited in​ size, which is between 200 to 500 micrometers in diameter.

• Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms are made up of cells.

• Single cells cannot exist independently.

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Systems biology is mainly an attempt to

• understand the behavior of entire biological systems by studying interactions among its component​ parts.

• build​ high-throughput machines to rapidly acquire​ data.

• simplify complex problems by reducing the system into​ smaller, less complex units.

• analyze genomes from different species

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