Geology and Earth Science Quiz

In what era did the rocks with fossils of animals and plants such as dinosaurs, mammals and trees form?

• Cenozoic Era

• Mesozoic Era

• Paleozoic Era

• Phanerozoic Era

Seeing a tree growing out of a rock would cause

• Chemical weathering

• Mechanical weathering

• Physical erosion

• Compaction

Which layer of the earth’s interior has the lowest density?

• Crust

• Inner Core

• Mantle

• Nothing

Pressure increases with depth toward the center of Earth. In which layer would you expect pressure to be the greatest?

• Crust

• Inner Core

• Mantle

• Outer core

Identify the correct statement about magma.

• Typical magma temperatures exceed 10,000 degrees Celsius.

• Magma never contains dissolved gases.

• Magma forms when rocks melt.

• Magma always comes from the lower mantle.

Which of these statements is correct?

• If water is present, rocks will melt at higher temperatures than normal.

• Under high pressure, rocks melt at lower temperatures.

• Magma that crystallizes forms igneous rocks.

• When a rock melts, different minerals melt at the same temperature.

What happens during the embryonic stage of the ocean basin?

• Formation of young to mature mountain belts

• Formation of narrow seas with matching coast

• Formation of ocean basin with continental margins

• Formation of complex system of linear rift valleys on continents

Why does magma tend to rise toward earth’s surface?

• Magma is more massive than surrounding rocks

• Magma is cooler than surrounding rocks

• Magma is less dense than surrounding rocks

What is the effect of heat and pressure in rocks as there is an increase in depth?

• foliation surfaces shine

• low-grade metamorphism

• grain size becomes coarse

• increase in mineral alignment

Which of these metamorphic rocks breaks along foliation lines?

• gneiss

• marble

• quartzite

• schist