What does an astrolabe measure?

• The position of the stars

• The speed of a ship

• The depth of the ocean

• The temperature of the air

Who introduced the astrolabe to Europeans?

• Chinese sailors

• Arab traders

• Portuguese explorers

• Spanish adventurers

When was the compass introduced to Europeans?

• 1100s

• 1200s

• 1300s

• 1400s

What did the stern-mounted rudder help with?

• Measuring time

• Steering a ship

• Predicting weather

• Calculating distance

By when had European shipbuilders adopted the stern-mounted rudder?

• 1100s

• 1200s

• 1300s

• 1400s

What technological advance helped sailors determine a ship’s latitude?

• Compass

• Astrolabe

• Stern rudder

• Sail

Who probably introduced the compass to Europeans?

• Chinese sailors

• Arab sailors

• Portuguese explorers

• Spanish adventurers

What type of ship was the Santa Maria?

• A schooner

• A carrack

• A frigate

• A galleon

What device helps keep accurate time at sea?

• Sextant

• Compass

• Chronometer

• Telescope

What did the sextant and chronometer help sailors determine?

• The speed of the ship

• The depth of the ocean

• Longitude

• The weather