UNIT 3 Review

MATCHING - Match the principles of the Constitution below with their examples.

• Separation of Powers

• 
• Limited Government

• 
• Federalism

• 

Organize each power below into their correct branch of Government.

Groups:

(a) Legislative Branch

,

(b) Executive Branch

,

(c) Judicial Branch

• Declares laws unconstitutional

• Declares Wars

• Executes the Laws

• Commands Armed Forces

• Interprets the Laws

• Makes the Laws

Which government principle is illustrated in this diagram?

• Separation of Powers

• Federalism

• Republicanism

• Popular Sovereignty

Answer explanation

The diagram illustrates the Separation of Powers, which divides government responsibilities into distinct branches to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power, ensuring a system of checks and balances.

What was the purpose of the 10th Amendment?

• To encourage citizens to monitor the federal government

• To prevent conflicts between state and local governments

• To limit the authority of the federal government

• To decrease the participation of citizens in state government

Answer explanation

The 10th Amendment was designed to limit the authority of the federal government by reserving powers not delegated to it for the states and the people, ensuring a balance of power.

Which sentence completes the diagram?

• People cannot be forced to be witnesses against themselves

• Cruel and unusual punishment cannot be inflicted

• Warrants cannot be issued unless probable cause is established

• A defendant cannot be denied a speedy and public trial

Answer explanation

The correct choice, 'Cruel and unusual punishment cannot be inflicted,' aligns with the Eighth Amendment, which protects against excessive penalties, making it the best fit to complete the diagram.

Which of the following is an example of a Civic Duty?

• Reporting for Jury Duty

• Volunteering for the food back

• Being a good person

• Driving a car

Answer explanation

Reporting for Jury Duty is a civic duty because it is a legal obligation for citizens to participate in the judicial process, ensuring a fair trial. The other options, while positive, do not constitute legal responsibilities.

Which of the following best completes this illustration?

• Free Enterprise System

• Command Economics System

• Federalism

• Agricultural Industry

Answer explanation

The Free Enterprise System emphasizes individual choice and competition, making it the best fit for the illustration. In contrast, Command Economics System involves government control, while Federalism and Agricultural Industry do not directly relate.

Which type of economy is best described by these characteristics?

• Free Enterprise

• Command Economy

• Mercantilism

• Manufacturing Industry

Answer explanation

A Free Enterprise economy is characterized by minimal government intervention, allowing individuals to make economic decisions. This aligns with the characteristics described, unlike Command Economy, Mercantilism, or Manufacturing Industry.

Boston, Massachusetts and San Francisco, California are geographically similar in that they BOTH ​ (a)  

• are located on a coast

• have a Mediterranean climate

• are located near active volcanoes

• have a hot desert climate

Answer explanation

Boston and San Francisco are both coastal cities, located on the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, respectively. This geographical feature is the correct similarity, unlike the other options which do not apply to both cities.

Which of the following represents the Atlantic Ocean? Select the CIRCLE that best represents the answer.