Respiratory and Metabolic Disorders Quiz

What is the primary factor causing respiratory acidosis?

• Decreased ventilation leading to CO₂ retention

• Increased bicarbonate reabsorption

• Excessive loss of bicarbonate

• Increased ventilation leading to CO₂ loss

What triggers respiratory alkalosis?

• Decrease in bicarbonate levels

• Increase in CO₂ production

• Excessive removal of CO₂ through rapid breathing

• Accumulation of metabolic acids

What is the hallmark of metabolic acidosis in terms of blood chemistry?

• Increased CO₂ levels

• Decreased bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) levels

• Elevated bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) levels

• Decreased hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration

In metabolic alkalosis, what happens to the concentration of bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) in the blood?

• It decreases due to acid accumulation.

• It remains unchanged.

• It increases due to excess bicarbonate or hydrogen ion loss.

• It decreases due to CO₂ retention.

How does the respiratory system compensate for metabolic acidosis?

• By reducing CO₂ exhalation

• By increasing the respiratory rate to expel more CO₂

• By increasing bicarbonate reabsorption

• By decreasing bicarbonate excretion

What is the primary disturbance in respiratory alkalosis?

• Increased hydrogen ion concentration

• Decreased CO₂ levels

• Decreased bicarbonate levels

• Increased CO₂ levels

Which of the following systems plays a major role in compensating for metabolic alkalosis?

• Cardiovascular system

• Respiratory system

• Digestive system

• Nervous system

What primary change occurs in respiratory acidosis?

• Increased hydrogen ion excretion by the kidneys

• Increased CO₂ in the blood

• Decreased bicarbonate reabsorption

• Increased oxygen in the blood

What is the relationship between bicarbonate and pH in metabolic alkalosis?

• As bicarbonate increases, pH decreases.

• As bicarbonate increases, pH increases.

• As bicarbonate decreases, pH increases.

• Bicarbonate and pH are unrelated.

What type of imbalance occurs when there is excessive acid loss or bicarbonate gain from non-respiratory sources?

• Respiratory acidosis

• Metabolic alkalosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis