Nutrition week 12 retrieval practice

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

• Build and repair tissues

• Provide energy

• Regulate body temperature

• Support immune function

Answer explanation

The primary function of carbohydrates in the body is to provide energy. They are the body's main source of fuel, supplying the necessary energy for daily activities and bodily functions.

Which vitamin is synthesized by the body when exposed to sunlight?

• Vitamin A

• Vitamin C

• Vitamin D

• Vitamin K

Answer explanation

Vitamin D is synthesized by the body when the skin is exposed to sunlight, specifically UVB rays. This process is essential for maintaining healthy bones and immune function.

What is the recommended daily intake of protein for a sedentary individual?

• 0.75-1.0 g per kg of body weight

• 1.2-1.4 g per kg of body weight

• 1.5-2.0 g per kg of body weight

• 2.0-2.5 g per kg of body weight

Answer explanation

The recommended daily intake of protein for a sedentary individual is 0.75-1.0 g per kg of body weight. This range supports basic bodily functions without excess, making it the correct choice.

Which of the following is a source of complete protein?

• Rice

• Beans

• Eggs

• Nuts

Answer explanation

Eggs are a source of complete protein, meaning they contain all nine essential amino acids. In contrast, rice, beans, and nuts are incomplete proteins and lack one or more essential amino acids.

What is the main role of dietary fiber in the body?

• Provide energy

• Aid digestion

• Build muscle

• Regulate hormones

Answer explanation

The main role of dietary fiber is to aid digestion. It helps regulate bowel movements, prevents constipation, and supports a healthy gut, making it essential for digestive health.

Which nutrient is essential for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

• Calcium

• Iron

• Vitamin C

• Potassium

Answer explanation

Iron is essential for the formation of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Without adequate iron, hemoglobin production is impaired, leading to anemia and reduced oxygen transport.

What is the glycemic index (GI) used to measure?

• The amount of protein in a food

• The rate at which a food raises blood glucose levels

• The fat content of a food

• The vitamin content of a food

Answer explanation

The glycemic index (GI) measures how quickly a food raises blood glucose levels after consumption. Foods with a high GI increase blood sugar rapidly, while those with a low GI do so more slowly.

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

• Vitamin B1

• Vitamin B12

• Vitamin C

• Vitamin E

Answer explanation

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin, essential for various bodily functions, including antioxidant activity. In contrast, Vitamins B1, B12, and C are water-soluble and do not dissolve in fats.

What is the primary function of electrolytes in the body?

• Provide energy

• Build muscle

• Maintain fluid balance

• Support immune function

Answer explanation

The primary function of electrolytes is to maintain fluid balance in the body. They help regulate hydration, nerve function, and muscle contractions, making this choice the correct answer.

Which macronutrient has the highest energy density?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Fats

• Vitamins

Answer explanation

Fats have the highest energy density among macronutrients, providing 9 calories per gram, compared to 4 calories per gram for carbohydrates and proteins. This makes fats the most energy-rich macronutrient.