Lesson 4.2/4.3 Experiments and Using Studies GOOD

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What is the difference between an observation and an experiment?

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An observation is a method of gathering data without manipulating variables, while an experiment involves manipulating one or more variables to observe the effect on another variable.

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What is subject confidentiality in research?

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Subject confidentiality refers to the ethical principle of protecting the identity and personal information of participants in a study.

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What does increasing sample size do to sampling variability?

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Increasing sample size reduces sampling variability, leading to more reliable and stable estimates of population parameters.

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What is sampling variability?

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Sampling variability is the natural variation in sample statistics (like the mean) that occurs when different samples are taken from the same population.

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Why is random selection important in studies?

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Random selection ensures that every individual in the population has an equal chance of being chosen, which helps to eliminate bias and allows for generalization of results.

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What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

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A control group serves as a baseline to compare the effects of the experimental treatment, helping to isolate the impact of the independent variable.

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What is an independent variable?

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An independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What is a dependent variable?

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A dependent variable is the variable that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What is the significance of random sampling in making inferences about a population?

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Random sampling allows researchers to make valid inferences about a population based on the sample, as it minimizes bias and ensures representativeness.

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What is the role of hypothesis in an experiment?

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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between variables, guiding the design and focus of the experiment.