PSYC 3.1.1.2

Which of the following is correct for dopamine and glutamate?

_{VCAA - Section A - Q2}

• A

• B

• C

• D

The role of an axon during transmission is to

^{VCAA 2022 - Section A - Q4}

• Produce and release transmitters

• provide a barrier to other electrical impulses

• carry nerve impulses away from a cell's body

• speed up electrochemical transmissions to adjoining neuron

Which of the following correctly identifies the order in which a message travels in the nervous system when it is responding to sensory stimuli receied by the body?

^{VCAA 2021 - Section A - Q2}

• Skeletal muscle, afferent pathway, brain, efferent pathway, skeletal muscle

• Sensory receptor, efferent pathway, brain, affterent pathway, skeletal muscle

• Skeletal muscle, afferent pathway, brain, efferent pathway, effector site

• Sensory receptor, afferent pathway, brain, efferent pathway, effector site

Lucinda read that a dog's breed influences the effectiveness of a reward in the training process. To investigate this, she conducted an experiment usint two breeds: beagles and poodles.

In the first part of the experiment, Lucinda compared how many sessions of training were needed to get one group of beagles and poodles to sit in a designated spot for 30 seconds, using a dog biscuit as a reward. In the second part of the experiment, Lucinda compared how many sessions of training were needed to get a different group of beagles and poodles to sit in a designated spot for 30 seconds, using a dog toy as a reward.

What experimental research design did Lucinda use?

^{VCAA 2022 - Section A - Q23}

• Between Subjects Design

• Within Subjects Design

• Mixed Subjects Design

• Matched Subjects Design

A sleep researcher asked 50 shiftworkers to maintain a sleep diary for four nights. The researcher asked them to estimate the length of time it took them to fall asleep after completing a night shift.

Which of the following statistical methods would best reveal the effect of outliers?

^{VCAA 2022 - Section A - Q34}

• Mean

• Median

• Percentage

• Standard Deviation

Answer explanation

The statistical method of calculating the standard deviation would enable the researcher to see the variability in the set of data (how spread out it is).

If the SD is small, it means data points are closer to the mean, indicating fewer outliers. If it the SD is larger, the data points are more spread out, indicating the mean is the result of potentially more outliers (high and low scores)

Which of the following describes the role of glutamate when learning how to play video game?

^{VCAA 2021 - Section A - Q27 (adapted, Jacaranda)}

• Glutamate makes the post-synaptic neurons more likely to fire

• Glutamate stimulates the release of neurotransmitters during the learning process

• Glutamate excites the neurons that are involved in playing the game

• Glutamate makes the presynaptic neurons more likely to fire

Jonah is meditating. Which nervous system is most likely to be dominant?

^{VCAA 2013 - Section A - Q59 (Adapted - Nelson)}

• The somatic nervous system

• The sympathetic nervous system

• The peripheral nervous system

• The parasympathetic nervous system

A person who is experiencing interference to the function of an inhibitory neurotransmitter may demonstrate

^{VCAA 2022 - Section A - Q12 (Adapated)}

• increased anxiety due to high levels of glutamate

• increased anxiety due to lower levels of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)

• increased movement/shakes due to high levels of glutamate

• decreased movement/shakes due to low levels of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)

GABA deficiency plays a key role in the development of a specific phobia as GABA

^{VCAA 2018 - Section A - Q9}

• decreases the speed of neurotransmitter transmissions along the axon

• acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter which decreases the likelihood of an action potential

• acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter which increases the likelihood of an action potential

• decreases the speed of neurotransmitter transmissions across the synapse

________________ and ____________ have a modulatory effect

• GABA and Glutamate

• GABA and serotonin

• Glutatmate and dopamine

• Serotonin and dopamine