Chapter 2.3 Introduction

What is the primary element that forms the backbone of organic compounds?

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Carbon

• Nitrogen

Answer explanation

Carbon is the primary element that forms the backbone of organic compounds due to its ability to form stable bonds with many elements, including itself, allowing for the complex structures characteristic of organic chemistry.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Carbon compounds are essential for life because they can form _______ bonds with other elements.

• Single

• Double

• Triple

• All of the above

Answer explanation

Carbon compounds can form single, double, and triple bonds with other elements, allowing for diverse molecular structures. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Which elements does carbon bond with to make up life's molecules?

• Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

• Helium, Neon, Argon

• Sodium, Potassium, Calcium

• Iron, Copper, Zinc

Answer explanation

Carbon bonds primarily with Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen to form essential molecules for life, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. The other options consist of elements that do not play a central role in life's molecular structure.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Carbon bonds with several elements to form life's molecules. Fill in the blank: Carbon bonds with Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and ______.

• A) Helium

• B) Phosphorus

• C) Neon

• D) Argon

Answer explanation

Carbon forms essential molecules in life by bonding with elements like Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus. Phosphorus is crucial for DNA and energy transfer, making it the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

What is the main reason carbon has its own branch of chemistry called 'organic chemistry'?

• It is a metal

• It has four valence electrons

• It is a gas

• It is radioactive

Answer explanation

Carbon has four valence electrons, allowing it to form stable bonds with many elements. This versatility is the foundation of organic chemistry, which studies carbon-containing compounds.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Carbon atoms have ______ valence electrons, allowing them to form strong covalent bonds.

• two

• three

• four

• five

Answer explanation

Carbon atoms have four valence electrons, which enables them to form strong covalent bonds with other atoms. This tetravalency is key to the versatility of carbon in forming various organic compounds.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

What type of bonds can carbon-carbon bonds form?

• Single

• Double

• Triple

• All of the above.

Answer explanation

Carbon can form single, double, and triple bonds with other carbon atoms. This versatility allows for a wide variety of organic compounds, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.

One carbon atom can bond to another and form ______.

• Rings

• Chains

• Both A and B

• None of the above

Answer explanation

One carbon atom can bond to another, forming structures like chains and rings. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Both A and B', as carbon can create both types of molecular arrangements.

Which type of bond can carbon form with other atoms?

• Single

• Double

• Triple

• All of the above.

Answer explanation

Carbon can form single, double, and triple bonds with other atoms due to its four valence electrons, allowing it to share electrons in various combinations. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above.'

Fill in the blank: The molecular structure of Benzene consists of alternating single and ______ bonds.

• Double

• Triple

• Quadruple

Answer explanation

Benzene has a unique structure characterized by alternating single and double bonds, known as resonance. Therefore, the correct answer to fill in the blank is 'double', as it accurately describes the bonding in benzene.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4