4.3.1 MCB

Which of the following best describes the structure of prokaryotic chromosomes?

• Linear, large, multiple origins of replication

• Circular, small, single origin of replication

• Linear, small, single origin of replication

• Circular, large, multiple origins of replication

Explain how the structure of eukaryotic chromosomes supports their function in the cell.

• Eukaryotic chromosomes are circular, allowing for continuous replication.

• Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear and have multiple origins of replication, which facilitates efficient DNA replication.

• Eukaryotic chromosomes are small and have a single origin of replication, which speeds up cell division.

• Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear and have a single origin of replication, which ensures accurate replication.

What is the primary role of histone proteins in eukaryotic cells?

• To replicate DNA

• To synthesize RNA

• To wrap and organize DNA into chromatin

• To repair DNA damage

Describe the significance of checkpoints in the cell cycle.

• Checkpoints allow cells to skip unnecessary phases of the cell cycle.

• Checkpoints ensure that cells divide as quickly as possible.

• Checkpoints verify that conditions are suitable for the next phase, preventing errors and uncontrolled division.

• Checkpoints are only important during cytokinesis.

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

• G1 Phase

• S Phase

• G2 Phase

• M Phase

Analyze how the regulation of the cell cycle can prevent cancer.

• By ensuring that cells divide continuously without stopping.

• By allowing cells to bypass checkpoints if they are damaged.

• By coordinating DNA replication and division, preventing uncontrolled cell growth.

• By stopping all cell division permanently.

What happens to a cell that does not receive mitogenic signals?

• It enters the S phase and begins DNA replication.

• It proceeds to cytokinesis.

• It enters a quiescent phase (G0) and does not divide.

• It immediately undergoes apoptosis.

Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis in terms of their outcomes.

• Both result in two identical daughter cells.

• Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse cells.

• Mitosis results in four genetically diverse cells, while meiosis results in two identical daughter cells.

• Both result in four genetically diverse cells.

Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily responsible for cell growth and preparation for DNA replication?

• G1 Phase

• S Phase

• G2 Phase

• M Phase

Evaluate the importance of cytokinesis in cell division.

• Cytokinesis is unnecessary as long as DNA is divided.

• Cytokinesis ensures that the cytoplasm and organelles are evenly distributed between daughter cells.

• Cytokinesis only occurs in prokaryotic cells.

• Cytokinesis is the process of DNA replication.