Front

What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

Back

The Calvin Cycle is responsible for converting carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose, using energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions.

Front

What are the three main stages of the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The three main stages of the Calvin Cycle are carbon fixation, reduction phase, and regeneration of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).

Front

What is carbon fixation in the context of the Calvin Cycle?

Back

Carbon fixation is the process of converting inorganic carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic compounds, specifically through the incorporation of CO2 into ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) to form 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).

Front

Which enzyme catalyzes the first step of the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin Cycle is ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO).

Front

What are the end products of the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The end products of the Calvin Cycle are glucose and other carbohydrates, as well as regenerated ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).

Front

How does NADPH contribute to the Calvin Cycle?

Back

NADPH provides the reducing power needed for the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) during the reduction phase of the Calvin Cycle.

Front

What role does ATP play in the Calvin Cycle?

Back

ATP provides the energy required for the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) and for the regeneration of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).

Front

What is the significance of G3P in the Calvin Cycle?

Back

G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) is a three-carbon sugar that serves as a building block for glucose and other carbohydrates, and it is a key product of the Calvin Cycle.

Front

Why is oxygen considered a byproduct of photosynthesis?

Back

Oxygen is produced as a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, where water molecules are split to release oxygen gas.

Front

What is the relationship between the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The light-dependent reactions capture solar energy to produce ATP and NADPH, which are then used in the Calvin Cycle to convert CO2 into glucose.