SEHS Topic 12 (12.1.3-12.1.4) short answer quiz

What is the top gene for athletes? Hint: it is often referred to as the "speed gene".

Answer explanation

The top gene for athletes is often considered to be the ACTN3 gene, which is associated with fast-twitch muscle fibers, enhancing sprinting and power performance. Variants of this gene can influence athletic capabilities.

Genetic screening. Good or bad?

Answer explanation

Genetic screening can be beneficial as it helps identify genetic disorders early, allowing for better management and treatment options. However, ethical concerns and potential misuse of information make it a complex issue.

Genetics vs environment. Which is more important for an athlete?

Answer explanation

Both genetics and environment play crucial roles in an athlete's success. However, environment, including training, nutrition, and support systems, often has a more significant impact on performance than genetics alone.

How effective might genetic analysis be in predicting athletic performance?

Answer explanation

Genetic analysis can identify specific genes linked to traits like endurance and strength, potentially predicting athletic performance. However, environmental factors and training also play significant roles, making it only partially effective.

Should genetic analysis be used to screen athletes for health conditions? Why or why not?

Answer explanation

Yes, genetic analysis can help identify predispositions to health conditions, allowing for tailored training and prevention strategies. This proactive approach can enhance athlete safety and performance.

From a scientific perspective, what are the most important facts when examining the link between athletic performance and genetics?

Answer explanation

Key facts include the role of specific genes in muscle composition, oxygen uptake, and recovery rates, as well as how genetic predispositions can influence an athlete's potential and performance in various sports.

What should a family consider when a child is thinking about playing a contact sport? How can genetic information both illuminate and complicate how parents decide what is right for their children?

Answer explanation

Families should consider the child's physical health, risk of injury, and interest in the sport. Genetic information can reveal predispositions to injuries or conditions, complicating decisions by adding concerns about safety versus potential talent.