Ch. 4 Essential Linguistics

______ use gestures, facial expressions, tone of voice, and redundancy in language to convey a message

Fricatives are produced by…

• Constricting the airflow through the vocal tract

• Pressing tongue against front teeth

• When one touches their lips twice when saying word

• Different places of the mouth

How do phonemes function in English learning?

• They represent the visual cues for spelling words.

• They are the smallest units of sound that differentiate meaning in a language

• They dictate grammatical structures in sentences.

• They are primarily used to teach silent reading strategies.

1. What is the relationship between phonemes and graphemes?

• Phonemes are written symbols, and graphemes are spoken sounds.

• Graphemes are written representations of phonemes

• Phonemes are larger language structures compared to graphemes.

• 1. Graphemes and phonemes are unrelated in English spelling and reading.

1. What is the primary focus of the process linguists  use to describe a language?

• Teaching people how to pronounce words correctly.

• Developing rules for natural patterns.

• Identifying and categorizing the components of speech production.

• Studying the differences in writing systems across languages.

How are consonant phonemes pronounced?

• produced by stopping flow of air
• pressing lips together

• pressing lips to front teeth

• coughing