Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer Concepts

This video tutorial covers key physics topics for a final exam, including thermal expansion, gas laws, heat transfer, thermodynamics, and entropy. It provides detailed problem-solving examples, explaining concepts like Boyle's law, specific heat, and the Carnot cycle. The video also discusses the efficiency of heat engines and refrigerators, and how to calculate changes in entropy and internal energy.

What is the change in length of a 300-meter iron rod when the temperature increases from 20°C to 50°C, given the coefficient of linear expansion is 12 x 10^-6 °C^-1?

• 0.208 meters

• 0.308 meters

• 0.108 meters

• 0.408 meters

According to Boyle's Law, what happens to the pressure of a gas if the volume of its container is doubled while the temperature remains constant?

• Pressure quadruples

• Pressure remains the same

• Pressure halves

• Pressure doubles

If a gas at STP occupies 8 liters, what is the mass of nitrogen gas stored in the tank?

• 0.04 kg

• 0.03 kg

• 0.02 kg

• 0.01 kg

How much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of 12 kg of water from 20°C to 35°C, given the specific heat capacity of water is 4186 J/kg°C?

• 1053.48 kJ

• 953.48 kJ

• 853.48 kJ

• 753.48 kJ

What is the final temperature when 0.5 kg of water at 90°C is mixed with a 3 kg aluminum container at 15°C, assuming no heat loss to the surroundings?

• 47.75°C

• 57.75°C

• 77.75°C

• 67.75°C

What is the total heat required to convert 350 grams of ice at -18°C to water at 42°C?

• 191.31 kJ

• 175.60 kJ

• 150.25 kJ

• 200.45 kJ

How is the rate of heat flow through a copper rod calculated?

• By dividing the thermal conductivity by the cross-sectional area and temperature difference

• By adding the thermal conductivity to the cross-sectional area and temperature difference

• By multiplying the thermal conductivity by the cross-sectional area and temperature difference, then dividing by the rod's length

• By subtracting the thermal conductivity from the cross-sectional area and temperature difference

What is the change in internal energy when 1200 J of work is done on a system and 800 J of heat is released?

• 400 J

• 600 J

• 200 J

• 1000 J

Which process involves no heat transfer into or out of the system?

• Isochoric process

• Adiabatic process

• Isobaric process

• Isothermal process

What is the efficiency of a heat engine that produces 7500 J of heat and releases 6000 J to the environment?

• 20%

• 30%

• 50%

• 40%