Exploring Carbon Compounds

What are hydrocarbons?

• Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

• Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds that contain only oxygen.

• Hydrocarbons are substances that consist of metals and carbon.

• Hydrocarbons are compounds made up of nitrogen and carbon atoms.

Name the two main types of hydrocarbons.

• Organic and Inorganic

• Linear and Cyclic

• Saturated and Unsaturated

• Aliphatic and Aromatic

What is an alkane?

• Alkanes are aromatic compounds with the formula CnH2n-2.

• Alkanes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with the formula CnH2n.

• Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2.

• Alkanes are cyclic hydrocarbons with the formula CnH2n.

Define alkenes and give an example.

• Alkenes are compounds that contain only oxygen. Example: water (H2O).

• Alkenes are saturated hydrocarbons with only single bonds. Example: propane (C3H8).

• Alkenes are hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Example: ethylene (C2H4).

• Alkenes are aromatic compounds with a benzene ring. Example: toluene (C7H8).

What is the general formula for alkenes?

• C_nH_(2n)

• C_nH_(2n+2)

• C_nH_(2n-2)

• C_nH_(2n+1)

What are functional groups in organic chemistry?

• Functional groups are random arrangements of atoms with no specific properties.

• Functional groups are only found in inorganic chemistry.

• Functional groups are the same as isomers in organic compounds.

• Functional groups are specific groups of atoms that confer particular chemical properties to organic molecules.

Identify the functional group in alcohols.

• Carboxyl group (-COOH)

• Carbonyl group (C=O)

• Hydroxyl group (-OH)

• Amino group (-NH2)

What is the difference between aldehydes and ketones?

• Aldehydes are always more reactive than ketones due to their structure.

• Aldehydes have a carbonyl group within the chain; ketones have it at the end.

• Aldehydes have a carbonyl group at the end of the chain; ketones have it within the chain.

• Ketones can only be formed from three-carbon chains, while aldehydes can be formed from any length.

Give an example of a compound with a carboxylic acid functional group.

• Ethanol (C2H5OH)

• Butane (C4H10)

• Acetic acid (CH3COOH)

• Hexanoic acid (C6H12O2)

What role do functional groups play in determining the properties of organic compounds?

• Functional groups are key determinants of the properties of organic compounds.

• Functional groups are irrelevant to the structure of organic compounds.

• Functional groups only affect the color of organic compounds.

• Functional groups have no impact on organic compounds.