Unit 1-3 Vocab APWH

A powerful Islamic empire that controlled parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa from the 14th to early 20th century, known for its use of gunpowder technology and its capital, Constantinople.

A Shi’a Muslim empire in Persia (modern-day Iran) from 1501 to 1736, known for its cultural achievements and conflicts with the Sunni Ottoman Empire.

A Muslim empire in India (1526–1857) noted for blending Islamic and Hindu cultures, monumental architecture like the Taj Mahal, and policies of religious tolerance under rulers like Akbar.

The last imperial dynasty of China (1644–1912), ruled by the Manchu, which expanded China's borders and emphasized Confucian principles.

A West African empire (15th–16th century) known for its wealth, trade in gold and salt, and cultural centers like Timbuktu.

An Eastern European and Asian empire (1721–1917) known for its expansion under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great, as well as its autocratic rulers.

An Ottoman system of forcibly recruiting Christian boys from the Balkans to serve as soldiers or administrators, often converting them to Islam.

Elite infantry units of the Ottoman Empire, originally composed of enslaved boys trained through the Devshirme system

Local landowners in Mughal India who collected taxes for the central government and often retained some of the revenue.

The belief that monarchs are appointed by and answerable only to God.