Moral Dilemmas and Ethical Choices

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What is a moral dilemma?

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A moral dilemma is a situation in which a person faces conflicting moral principles, making it difficult to choose the right course of action.

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Define ethical choices.

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Ethical choices are decisions made based on moral principles and values, often involving considerations of right and wrong.

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What is utilitarianism?

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Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility.

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Explain the concept of duty-based ethics.

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Duty-based ethics, or deontological ethics, is an ethical framework that emphasizes the importance of following moral rules or duties regardless of the consequences.

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What role does empathy play in moral decision-making?

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Empathy allows individuals to understand and share the feelings of others, which can influence their moral choices and lead to more compassionate decisions.

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What is the difference between consequentialism and non-consequentialism?

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Consequentialism evaluates the morality of an action based on its outcomes, while non-consequentialism assesses morality based on the action itself, regardless of the consequences.

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Define virtue ethics.

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Virtue ethics is an ethical theory that focuses on the character of the moral agent rather than on rules or consequences, emphasizing virtues such as honesty, courage, and compassion.

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What is the significance of cultural relativism in ethics?

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Cultural relativism is the idea that moral values and practices are shaped by cultural context, suggesting that there is no universal standard for morality.

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How do personal values influence ethical decision-making?

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Personal values shape an individual's beliefs about right and wrong, guiding their choices and actions in moral dilemmas.

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What is the trolley problem?

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The trolley problem is a thought experiment in ethics that presents a scenario where one must choose between sacrificing one person to save multiple others, highlighting the complexities of moral decision-making.