Understanding Protein Synthesis

What is the first step of protein synthesis?

• Post-Translational Modification

• Transcription

• Replication

• Translation

Describe the role of RNA polymerase in transcription.

• RNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication.

• RNA polymerase breaks down RNA during transcription.

• RNA polymerase transports amino acids to the ribosome.

• RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.

How does mRNA differ from DNA?

• mRNA is double-stranded and contains adenine, while DNA is single-stranded and contains cytosine.

• mRNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while DNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

• mRNA contains ribose, while DNA contains deoxyribose, but both are double-stranded.

• mRNA is single-stranded and contains uracil, while DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine.

What happens to mRNA after transcription?

• mRNA is processed and transported to the cytoplasm for translation.

• mRNA is converted into DNA before translation.

• mRNA is immediately degraded after transcription.

• mRNA is stored in the nucleus until needed.

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

• Ribosomes transport proteins to the cell membrane.

• Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

• Ribosomes store genetic information for protein synthesis.

• Ribosomes break down proteins into amino acids.

Explain the process of translation.

• Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA templates in ribosomes.

• Translation occurs exclusively in the mitochondria of the cell.

• Translation is the process of breaking down proteins into amino acids.

• Translation is the process of converting DNA into RNA in the nucleus.

What is the function of tRNA during translation?

• tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

• tRNA binds to mRNA to initiate transcription.

• tRNA synthesizes DNA during replication.

• tRNA acts as a catalyst for enzyme reactions.

What is an anticodon and where is it found?

• An anticodon is a single nucleotide found on mRNA.

• An anticodon is a type of protein found in the ribosome.

• An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides found on tRNA.

• An anticodon is a sequence of four nucleotides found on DNA.

Describe the significance of the start codon in translation.

• The start codon is involved in DNA replication.

• The start codon is responsible for terminating translation.

• The start codon is essential for initiating translation and ensuring proper protein synthesis.

• The start codon is only important in eukaryotic cells.

What role do amino acids play in protein synthesis?

• Amino acids are only used for energy production.

• Amino acids are primarily for DNA replication.

• Amino acids are not involved in protein synthesis.

• Amino acids are essential for building proteins during protein synthesis.