Understanding Gene Regulation in Cells

What is gene regulation?

• The process of replicating DNA in a cell

• The process of controlling which genes in a cell's DNA are expressed

• The process of synthesizing RNA from DNA

• The process of translating RNA into proteins

Which of the following statements is true about gene expression in different cell types?

• All cell types express the same set of genes

• Different cell types express different sets of genes

• Only one type of cell expresses genes

• Gene expression is identical in all cells

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What role do promoters play in gene transcription?

• They encode proteins

• They bind to ribosomes

• They are DNA regions where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription

• They degrade mRNA

What is the function of transcription factors?

• They replicate DNA

• They affect the speed of transcription by binding to specific DNA sequences

• They translate mRNA into proteins

• They splice introns from mRNA

Which of the following speeds up transcription when bound to a promoter?

• Repressors

• Activators

• Introns

• Exons

What is the role of repressors in gene transcription?

• They speed up transcription

• They slow or stop transcription

• They splice mRNA

• They initiate DNA replication

What are introns?

• Coding regions of DNA

• Non-coding regions of mRNA that are spliced out

• Proteins that bind to DNA

• Enzymes that synthesize RNA

What is the primary function of master genes?

• They encode enzymes for metabolism

• They encode transcription factors

• They encode structural proteins

• They encode ribosomal RNA

At which stage can gene regulation occur in eukaryotic cells?

• Only during DNA replication

• Only during transcription

• At various stages between gene and the final gene product

• Only during translation

What determines the unique traits of a cell?

• The number of chromosomes

• The genes expressed in the cell

• The size of the cell

• The amount of DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2