Atmospheric pollutants and Chemistry of atmospheric layers

What is the main difference between primary and secondary pollutants?

• Primary pollutants come directly from sources, while secondary pollutants form from reactions in the air.

• Primary pollutants form only at night, while secondary pollutants form during the day.

• Primary pollutants are harmless, while secondary pollutants are harmful.

• Primary pollutants are natural, while secondary pollutants are man-made.

2. Which pollutants are commonly produced by human activities like transportation and industry?

• a) Sea salt and dust particles

  
  

• b) Oxygen and nitrogen

  
  

• c) Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and VOCs (volatile organic compounds)

  
  

• d) Volcanic ash and carbon monoxide

  
  

3. How does air pollution affect sensitive groups like children and the elderly?

• a) Only children are affected by respiratory issues.

  
  

• b) It mostly impacts respiratory and heart health, especially for sensitive groups.

  
  

• c) Air pollution does not affect children or the elderly.

  
  

• d) It only causes temporary eye irritation.

  
  

4. How does acid rain form, and what can it affect?

• a) It forms from volcanic gases, affecting only soil quality.

  
  

• b) It forms from nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide, harming plants, water, and buildings

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  c) It forms from carbon monoxide and impacts animal health only.

  
  

• d) It forms from carbon dioxide, affecting only air quality.

  
  

5. What modern tools are used to monitor air pollution?

• a) Only the Air Quality Index (AQI) is used for monitoring.

  
  

• b) Personal monitors are used only for measuring indoor air quality.

  
  

• c) Only ground sensors can measure pollution levels accurately.

  
  

• d) Technologies like remote sensing, UAVs, and optical particle counters help track pollution.

  
  

6. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?

• a) Thermosphere

  
  

• b) Mesosphere

  
  

• c) Stratosphere

• d) Exosphere

7. What is the primary cause of ozone depletion in the stratosphere?

• a) Volcanic eruptions

• b) Solar radiation

• c) Ozone-depleting substances (ODS) like CFCs

• d) Nitrogen oxides

8. Which atmospheric layer is the coldest?

• a) Troposphere

  
  

• b) Stratosphere

  
  

• c) Thermosphere

• d) Mesosphere

9. What causes the auroras in the thermosphere?

• a) Solar wind particles interacting with gasses

• b) Ozone reactions

• c) Nitrogen oxides

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  d) Bremsstrahlung radiation in the troposphere

  
  

10. What phenomenon occurs due to low temperatures in the mesosphere?

• a) Ozone depletion

• b) Noctilucent clouds

• c) Acid precipitation

• d) Bremsstrahlung radiation