Unit 2 Cognition Test Review AP Psych

a standardized exam that measures a person's potential to learn and succeed in a specific area. EX: SAT Exam

• achievement test

• aptitude test

• intelligence test

• personality inventory

What are the 3 stages of memory in order?

• 1. 1.Retrieval

     2.Storage

  3.Encoding

• 1. 1. Storage

  2. 2.Encoding

  3. 3.Retrieval

• 1. 1.Encoding

     2.Storage

  3.Retrieval

occurs when we estimate the probability of an event based on how similar it is to a known situation. In other words, we compare it to a situation, prototype, or stereotype we already have in mind.

• algorithm

• availability heuristic

• representativeness heuristic

• Divergent thinking

a psychological phenomenon that allows people to convince themselves after an event that they accurately predicted it before it happened.

• Functional fixedness

• Hindsight bias

• The representativeness heuristic

• Prospective memory

The way information is presented or structured, which can significantly influence how a person perceives and reacts to it.

ex: "Did you see THE broken window?" vs. "Did you see A broken window?"

• Heuristics

• framing

• Proactive interference

• The primacy effect

a defined set of step-by-step procedures that, if followed correctly, will always lead to the correct solution to a problem.

• heuristric

• insight

• priming

• algorithm

a psychological phenomenon that describes the tendency to remember information presented at the beginning of a list better than information presented in the middle or at the end.

• Zone of proximal development

• Insight learning

• The misinformation effect

• The primacy effect

a type of long-term memory that stores personal experiences and events from a specific time and place

• iconic memory

• procedural memory

• semantic memory

• episodic memory

a theory that suggests that information is optimally remembered when it is recalled in the same place in which it was initially learned.

• context-dependent memory

• state-dependent memory

• mood-dependent memory

• recognition

The cognitive bias where someone is unable to think of using an object for a purpose other than its typical, intended use.

• functional fixedness

• the fundamental attribution error

• cognitive dissonance

• egocentrism