Quiz on DNA Mutation and Repair

What is the estimated rate of replication errors introduced during each cycle of DNA replication?

• One error per trillion base pairs

• One error per billion base pairs

• One error per million base pairs

• One error per hundred base pairs

Which type of mutation occurs when a purine is substituted with another purine?

• Nonsense

• Transversion

• Transition

• Frameshift

What type of mutation results from the deletion of a large section of a chromosome?

• Duplication

• Translocation

• Inversion

• Deletion

Which mechanism of DNA repair is involved in correcting single base mismatches?

• Base excision repair

• Nucleotide excision repair

• Double strand break repair

• Mismatch repair

What is the role of UvrA in nucleotide excision repair?

• It makes incisions on either side of the DNA lesion

• It fills in the gap with new nucleotides

• It scans the DNA for distortions or lesions

• It recognizes and binds to mismatched base pairs

Which type of RNA is primarily responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

• tRNA

• hnRNA

• rRNA

• mRNA

What is the function of the poly(A) tail in mRNA?

• To prevent hydrolysis by exonucleases

• To provide a binding site for ribosomes

• To initiate translation

• To encode amino acids

Which type of RNA is involved in the processing of rRNA molecules?

• rRNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• snRNA