Diagnostic Quiz: Matter and Water

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in living organisms?

• ATP is used to store genetic information in cells.

• ATP serves as the primary molecule for the transport of oxygen.

• ATP provides energy for cellular processes such as biosynthesis.

• ATP is a primary component in the formation of proteins.

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Which of the following biological molecules is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

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What is the significance of water's polarity for biological systems?

• It allows water to dissolve a variety of solutes.

• It makes water a poor solvent for biological reactions.

• It prevents the formation of hydrogen bonds.

• It decreases the ability of water to form cohesive bonds.

Which property of water allows it to absorb a large amount of heat without drastically changing temperature?

• High specific heat capacity

• Heat of vaporization

• Universal solvent

• Surface tension

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is the effect of a basic solution on the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)?

• It has more H+ than OH-.

• It has more OH- than H+.

• It has equal amounts of H+ and OH-.

• It has no effect on the concentration of H+ or OH-.

Which of the following is true about enzymes in biochemical reactions?

• Enzymes are used up in the reactions they catalyze.

• Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur.

• Enzymes increase the amount of energy released during a reaction.

• Enzymes only function in the presence of oxygen.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

How do enzymes contribute to the process of biosynthesis?

Provide an example of a biochemical reaction that enzymes catalyze.

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What is the significance of water's high heat of vaporization for living organisms?

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How does the polarity of water contribute to its role as a universal solvent?

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

What role does water play in regulating the temperature of living organisms, and how does its high specific heat capacity affect biological systems?

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4