Centralization of Power in Europe

What did European governments become more focused on as they became richer from trade?

• Military expansion

• Organized tax collection and bureaucracy

• Religious reforms

• Agricultural development

Under Louis XIV, how were nobles incorporated into the central government?

• Through religious appointments

• By being excluded from power

• By being incorporated into the central bureaucracy and military

• By being sent to colonies

What did the centralization of power under monarchs lead to in terms of governance?

• Increased local autonomy

• A more fragmented political system

• A centralized bureaucracy

• A shift to democratic rule

What did some kings hire artists to do?

• Paint landscapes

• Create religious art

• Paint extravagant monarchal portraits

• Design clothing

What role did the military play in effective monarchies?

• It was abolished

• It was incorporated into the bureaucracy

• It was privatized

• It was used for trade

What was a common use of state resources by some kings?

• Building public schools

• Constructing roads

• Building magnificent monuments and castles

• Funding scientific research

In which countries did non-noble citizens and merchants begin to accumulate wealth and land?

• France and Spain

• Italy and Germany

• England and the Netherlands

• Portugal and Belgium

How did non-nobles use their newly-acquired land differently?

• They donated it to the church

• They offered it as payment to lords

• They sold it at the marketplace

• They left it uncultivated

What is the term for selling agriculture for profit?

• Industrialization

• Commercialization

• Urbanization

• Globalization

What rights were removed from the traditional peasantry?

• Voting rights

• Common Land Rights

• Tax exemptions

• Religious freedoms