Term Test 1 Review AS - Part 2

What is a defining characteristic of naturalistic observation?

• It is conducted in a lab setting.

• It involves manipulation of variables.

• It observes behavior in its natural environment.

• It uses structured questionnaires.

Which of the following is true of controlled observation?

• It occurs in the participant’s natural setting without intervention.

• The observer manipulates the environment to control variables.

• It is always conducted secretly.

• It is considered an unstructured observation method.

What is the main difference between structured and unstructured observation?

• Structured observation has a clear, predetermined system for recording data, while unstructured observation does not.

• Unstructured observation requires formalized data collection.

• Structured observation is only used in naturalistic settings.

• Both require manipulation of variables.

Which type of observer participates in the activities of the group they are studying?

• Covert observer

• Non-participant observer

• Participant observer

• Overt observer

An overt observer is one who...

• Acts covertly to avoid detection.

• Is openly known to the participants.

• Uses a structured observation approach.

• Remains hidden throughout the study.

What is a key disadvantage of using a covert observer?

• They may introduce bias by being obvious in the group.

• They may be limited to structured data collection.

• It can be ethically challenging due to lack of informed consent.

• It is difficult to manipulate variables in this type of observation.

In a correlation study, what does a positive correlation indicate?

• As one variable increases, the other decreases.

• There is no relationship between the two variables.

• The variables are unrelated.

• Both variables increase together.

What does a negative correlation mean?

• Both variables increase together.

• One variable increases as the other decreases.

• Both variables decrease together.

• There is no relationship between the variables.

A longitudinal study is defined by:

• Following the same participants over a long period.

• Comparing different age groups at a single point in time.

• Observing participants in a lab setting.

• Using a cross-sectional sampling method.

What distinguishes a cross-sectional study from a longitudinal study?

• It is conducted in a controlled environment.

• It observes changes over a long period.

• It requires manipulation of variables.

• It compares different groups at a single point in time.