Transcription and Translation Quiz

Which of the following best describes transcription?

• The synthesis of a polypeptide chain from mRNA

• The process of copying DNA into mRNA

• The replication of DNA before cell division

• The breakdown of RNA into nucleotides

What is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription?

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Ligase

Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells?

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Mitochondria

What is the main purpose of mRNA?

• To transfer amino acids to the ribosome

• To carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome

• To serve as a template for DNA replication

• To modify tRNA molecules

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of events in translation?

• mRNA synthesis, protein folding, ribosome assembly

• DNA unwinding, RNA splicing, protein synthesis

• Codon recognition, peptide bond formation, ribosome movement

• Transcription, replication, translation

In which part of the cell does translation occur?

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Cytoplasm

What are the building blocks of proteins?

• Nucleotides

• Monosaccharides

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

What molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• DNA

What is a codon?

• A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for an amino acid

• A sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that carries an amino acid

• A protein that regulates transcription

• A segment of DNA that signals the start of replication

Which of the following is NOT involved in translation?

• Ribosome

• DNA

• mRNA

• tRNA