Andrew SCI Ch 10

What is the periodic table?

• A chart of the elements arranged into rows and columns according to their chemical and physical properties.

• A list of all known compounds.

• A table of chemical reactions.

• A chart of atomic numbers only.

Answer explanation

The periodic table is a chart that organizes elements in rows and columns based on their chemical and physical properties, making it essential for understanding elemental relationships. The other options do not accurately describe it.

Who created the first periodic table?

• Dmitri Mendeleev

• Henry Moseley

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

Answer explanation

Dmitri Mendeleev is credited with creating the first periodic table in 1869. He organized elements by atomic mass and predicted the properties of undiscovered elements, laying the foundation for modern chemistry.

What did Mendeleev notice about the elements in the periodic table?

• They showed repeating patterns.

• They were all metals.

• They had the same atomic number.

• They were all gases.

Answer explanation

Mendeleev observed that elements in the periodic table displayed repeating patterns in their properties, which led to the formulation of the periodic law. This was key to organizing the elements effectively.

What is a column on the periodic table called?

• Group

• Row

• Period

• Block

Answer explanation

A column on the periodic table is called a 'Group'. Groups contain elements with similar properties and are arranged vertically, while rows are referred to as 'Periods'. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Group'.

What are the rows in the periodic table called?

• Periods

• Groups

• Columns

• Blocks

Answer explanation

The rows in the periodic table are called periods. Each period represents a different energy level of electrons in the atoms of the elements, distinguishing them from groups, which are the columns.

As you read from left to right across the periodic table, atomic number increases by one for each element.

• decreases

• stays the same

• increases

• doubles

Answer explanation

As you read from left to right across the periodic table, each element's atomic number increases by one. Therefore, the correct answer is 'increases', indicating a sequential rise in atomic numbers.

Most of the elements in the periodic table are metals, which are shiny and conduct thermal energy and electricity.

• gases

• liquids

• metals

• nonmetals

Answer explanation

Most elements in the periodic table are metals, which are characterized by their shiny appearance and ability to conduct thermal energy and electricity, making 'metals' the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Most nonmetals are on the right side of the periodic table; these elements do not conduct thermal energy and electricity.

• left

• right

• middle

• bottom

Answer explanation

Most nonmetals are located on the right side of the periodic table, which is why the correct answer is 'right'. These elements are known for their poor conductivity of thermal energy and electricity.

Between the metals and nonmetals on the periodic table are the metalloids, which have properties of metals and nonmetals.

• gases

• liquids

• metalloids

• solids

Answer explanation

The question states that metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Therefore, the correct answer is 'metalloids', as they are the elements that exhibit characteristics of both categories.

Scientists use the periodic table to predict the properties of the new elements they create.

• colors

• properties

• shapes

• sizes

Answer explanation

Scientists use the periodic table to understand and predict the properties of elements, such as reactivity and state of matter. Therefore, 'properties' is the correct choice, as it directly relates to the characteristics of elements.