Ocular Anatomy and Physiology Midterms P2

What is the origin of the ophthalmic nerve?

• Trigeminal ganglion

• Cavernous sinus

• Superior orbital fissure

• Lacrimal gland

What type of nerve is the ophthalmic nerve?

• Motor

• Sensory

• Mixed

• Autonomic

Which structures does the ophthalmic nerve provide sensory information to?

• Eyes

• Lacrimal gland

• Nasal cavity

• All of the above

What are the terminal branches of the ophthalmic nerve?

• Lacrimal nerve

• Frontal nerve

• Nasociliary nerve

• All of the above

What is the function of the ciliary ganglion?

• Sensory innervation

• Sympathetic innervation

• Parasympathetic innervation

• All of the above

Fill in the blank: The ophthalmic nerve is the most ______ branch of the trigeminal ganglion.

Answer explanation

The ophthalmic nerve is the most superior branch of the trigeminal ganglion, as it is the uppermost of the three main branches, which also include the maxillary and mandibular nerves.

What are the mechanisms that take part in the eye accommodation?

Answer explanation

Eye accommodation involves the ciliary muscles contracting to change the shape of the lens, allowing the eye to focus on near or distant objects. This process is crucial for clear vision at varying distances.

What symptoms can damages to the ophthalmic nerve cause?

Answer explanation

Damage to the ophthalmic nerve can cause symptoms such as loss of sensation in the forehead, eyelid drooping, and issues with tear production, leading to dry eyes or excessive tearing.

What is the role of the ophthalmic nerve in the corneal reflex?

Answer explanation

The ophthalmic nerve is responsible for sensory input from the cornea. In the corneal reflex, it detects stimuli and sends signals to the brain, triggering a protective blink response.

What are the cranial nerves that innervate the orbital structures?

Answer explanation

The cranial nerves that innervate the orbital structures include the optic nerve (II), oculomotor nerve (III), trochlear nerve (IV), and abducens nerve (VI). These nerves control vision and eye movements.