Chapter 10 and 11 Reading Quiz

What is another term or phrase for the idea of a candidate's momentum in an election?

• The bandwagon effect

• The coattail effect

• The biased campaigning effect

• The Mandela Effect

Match the following terms to definitions

• Positional Issue

• An issue on which everyone agrees, but the question is whether the candidate embraces the same view

• Retrospective Voting

• Voting for a candidate because you like their past actions in office

• Prospective Voting

• Issues in which rival candidates have opposing views and that also divide voters

• Valence Issue

• Voting for a candidate because you favor their ideas for handling issues

Select the three main purposes for a candidate running a campaign.

• Assign credit or blame for the state of the nation.

• Activate voters' latent partisanship

• Help voters judge the character of the candidates

• To gain national fame and improve personal career prospects

• To increase party funding and secure campaign donations

A popular U.S. Senator is running for re-election. During the campaign, she receives significant media attention, secures a substantial amount of campaign donations, and has staff dedicated to handling constituent requests and inquiries. Which of the following best explains why she has an advantage in the election?

• Incumbents typically have greater name recognition and easier access to campaign resources, making it difficult for challengers to compete.

• Incumbents can change campaign finance laws to increase their likelihood of winning.

• Incumbents are allowed to receive unlimited donations from corporations and special interest groups.

• Incumbents are required to hold public office for at least two terms before being eligible for re-election.

After an election cycle, there is public concern about the influence of large donations on political parties. As a result, Congress passes a law restricting the amount of money that parties can raise for activities not directly linked to candidates. What is this law most likely trying to regulate?

• Dark money contributions

• Soft money contributions

• Political action committee (PAC) funding

• Hard money contributions

Select the concept that BEST describes the following scenario:

A local community group is working to improve air quality by advocating for stricter pollution regulations. While many residents support the initiative, only a few contribute time or money to the group’s efforts, knowing they will still benefit from cleaner air even if they don’t participate. The group struggles to raise enough funds and attract volunteers to sustain its advocacy.

• Lobbying

• The Public good

• Free rider problem

• Solidary incentives

Interest groups working in Washington have a biased that reflects which class?

• Upper-class

• Lower-class

• Middle-class

• Working-class

The Civil Rights Movement, Environmental Movement, Feminist Movement, and Union Movement, are all examples of which of the following?

• Social movement

• Interest groups

• Political parties

• Advocacy organizations

In grassroots lobbying, interest groups utilize which group to put pressure on the government?

• The public

• Lobbyists

• Private corporations

• Political Action Committees

What two things did the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946 require interest groups and individuals do if they wanted to influence legislation?

• Register with the Secretary of the Senate and the clerk of the House of Representatives

• File quarterly financial reports.

• Limit the amount of money spent on lobbying

• Regulated the amount of access interest groups and individuals had with legislators