Quiz on Thinking and Reasoning

What is defined as brain activity in which people mentally manipulate information?

• Mental images

• Thinking

• Heuristics

• Concepts

What are representations in the mind of an object or event called?

• Prototypes

• Heuristics

• Mental images

• Concepts

Which of the following is a cognitive shortcut that may lead to a solution but is not guaranteed?

• Insight

• Mental set

• Heuristic

• Algorithm

What is the term for a typical, highly representative example of a concept?

• Prototype

• Mental image

• Algorithm

• Heuristic

Which problem-solving strategy involves repeated tests for differences between the desired outcome and the current state?

• Trial and error

• Means-ends analysis

• Functional fixedness

• Insight

What is the sudden awareness of the relationships among various elements that had previously appeared unrelated?

• Heuristic

• Mental set

• Insight

• Confirmation bias

What is the tendency to think of an object only in terms of its typical use called?

• Functional fixedness

• Convergent thinking

• Mental set

• Divergent thinking

Which type of thinking generates unusual, yet appropriate, responses to problems?

• Convergent thinking

• Divergent thinking

• Analytical thinking

• Logical thinking

What is the framework for thinking about a problem based on prior experience with similar problems?

• Algorithm

• Heuristic

• Mental set

• Functional fixedness

Which of the following is an example of a well-defined problem?

• Bringing peace to the Middle East

• Solving a jigsaw puzzle

• Deciding on a career path

• Increasing morale on an assembly line