Advanced Insights, Emerging Technologies, and Future of Renewabl

What is a recent innovation in solar photovoltaic technology that enhances efficiency?

• Binary cycle technology

• Perovskite cells

• Biomass gasification

• Enhanced geothermal systems

Answer explanation

Perovskite cells are a recent innovation in solar photovoltaic technology that significantly enhance efficiency due to their superior light absorption and easier manufacturing processes compared to traditional silicon cells.

Which type of solar panel is designed to capture sunlight from both sides to increase output?

• Monocrystalline panels

• Polycrystalline panels

• Bifacial panels

• CSP panels

Answer explanation

Bifacial panels are designed to capture sunlight from both sides, enhancing energy output compared to traditional panels. This unique feature allows them to utilize reflected light, making them more efficient.

What technological advancement has increased the viability of offshore wind farms?

• Enhanced geothermal systems

• Floating turbine foundations

• Bifacial solar panels

• Solar concentrators

Answer explanation

Floating turbine foundations have revolutionized offshore wind farms by allowing turbines to be placed in deeper waters, where wind resources are stronger and more consistent, thus enhancing their viability and efficiency.

How do enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) improve geothermal energy accessibility?

• They allow energy extraction from water flows

• They create geothermal reservoirs in areas without natural sources

• They increase wind capture efficiency

• They use biomass instead of geothermal heat

Answer explanation

Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) create geothermal reservoirs in areas lacking natural geothermal sources, making geothermal energy more accessible and expanding its potential use beyond traditional locations.

Which of the following enhances wind turbine efficiency and reduces maintenance needs?

• Perovskite cells

• Binary cycle systems

• Improved turbine blade design

• Combustion of organic material

Answer explanation

Improved turbine blade design enhances wind turbine efficiency by optimizing aerodynamics, leading to better energy capture. This design also reduces wear and tear, thereby lowering maintenance needs compared to other options.

Which of the following is a significant challenge for solar and wind energy that energy storage can help address?

• High emissions

• Intermittency of power generation

• Location restrictions

• Overuse of fossil fuels

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Intermittency of power generation' because solar and wind energy are not always available due to weather and time of day. Energy storage systems can store excess energy for use when generation is low.

Which storage technology is commonly used to store surplus energy generated by solar and wind?

• Combustion chambers

• Pumped hydro storage

• Steam turbines

• Binary cycles

Answer explanation

Pumped hydro storage is a widely used technology for storing surplus energy from solar and wind. It works by pumping water to a higher elevation during excess generation and releasing it to generate electricity when needed.

What problem does lithium-ion battery storage help solve in renewable energy systems?

• Emissions reduction

• Continuity of power supply

• Reducing water use

• Increasing geothermal efficiency

Answer explanation

Lithium-ion battery storage addresses the continuity of power supply in renewable energy systems by storing excess energy generated during peak production times and releasing it when production is low, ensuring a stable energy supply.

Which technological solution helps wind turbines operate more effectively in various environments, including offshore?

• Enhanced geothermal reservoirs

• Improved battery storage

• Floating turbine platforms

• Geothermal heat pumps

Answer explanation

Floating turbine platforms allow wind turbines to be placed in deeper waters, enhancing their efficiency and stability in offshore environments, making them the ideal solution for effective operation in various conditions.

What is a significant technical barrier for geothermal energy expansion?

• Need for strong winds

• High temperature requirements in drilling

• Dependence on direct sunlight

• Dependence on biomass fuel

Answer explanation

A significant barrier for geothermal energy expansion is the high temperature requirements in drilling. This necessitates advanced technology and materials to withstand extreme conditions, making it a challenging aspect of geothermal development.