6.3 Mastery Check

Which of the following is NOT part of the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

• All matter is made of small particles.

• Particles collide with each other.

• Particles are in constant motion.

• Gas particles do not move and are stationary.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What is temperature?

• Temperature is the amount of light in an area.
• Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles.

• Temperature measures the speed of molecules.
• Temperature is a type of energy that causes particles to move.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Match the state of matter to its definition.

• Liquid

• Definite volume, but shape is based on container

• Gas

• Atoms that exist at extremely low temperatures - "super atom"

• Plasma

• Particles are held together in a rigid structure.

• Bose-Einstein Condensates

• Most common form of matter in universe with positive and negative particles

• Solid

• Particles in this state move so much that there is no definite shape or volume.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What happens to particles when they gain or lose thermal energy?

• Particles become heavier and sink when gaining thermal energy.
• Particles remain stationary regardless of thermal energy changes.
• Particles undergo a state change from solid to liquid to gas when gaining thermal energy.

• Particles dissolve into gas when losing thermal energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is heat of fusion?

• The heat of fusion is the temperature at which a solid freezes.

• The heat of fusion is the energy required to freeze a liquid into a solid.
• The heat of fusion is the energy needed to vaporize a liquid into a gas.
• The heat of fusion is the energy needed to convert a solid into a liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is heat of vaporization?

• The heat of vaporization is the energy released when a substance condenses.
• The heat of vaporization is the temperature at which a substance freezes.
• The heat of vaporization is the energy needed to turn a liquid into a gas at the boiling point.

• The heat of vaporization is the mass of a substance that can evaporate.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which arrows indicate the direction of state change? (Hint: Pay attention to the state of matter in each corner!!!)

a

b

c

d

e

f

Condensation

Sublimation

Vaporization

Melting

Freezing

Deposition

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What is vaporization?

• Vaporization is the process of freezing a substance.
• Vaporization refers to the condensation of gas into liquid.
• Vaporization is the chemical reaction that produces heat.
• Vaporization is the transition of a substance from liquid to gas.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

How is evaporation different from boiling?

• Evaporation occurs only at high temperatures; boiling happens at low temperatures.
• Boiling requires a specific pressure; evaporation does not depend on pressure.

• Evaporation is surface-level and occurs at any temperature; boiling occurs throughout the liquid at a specific temperature.
• Boiling is a surface phenomenon, while evaporation occurs throughout the liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is a heating curve?

• A heating curve is a method for cooling substances quickly.
• A heating curve is a graph that depicts the temperature changes of a substance as it is heated, including phase transitions.
• A heating curve is a type of thermometer used for measuring temperature.
• A heating curve shows the pressure changes of a gas over time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4