Jerusalem

Hezekiah

• rebelled against Assyria, Sennacherib. Siege of Jerusalem in 701 BCE: city is spared, countryside destroyed (part of the reason the city had grown in population up to this point); "Good" king according to Deuteronomists, removed altars to Baal and Asherah; Reign: 716(?) to 698 BCE

• last "good" king of Jerusalem, according to Deuteronomists; Found the book of the law (different than Torah (the law) and the Arc of the covenant) in the Temple → destroyed all foreign deities (sacred stones, Asherah poles, idols, etc); Torah is the first five books of the Bible; Failed to save Jerusalem from destruction, but was spared from seeing it (reign: 640 to 609 BCE, dies during battle with Pharaoh Neco).

• Babylonian King who destroyed the first temple (586) and deported much of Jerusalem's population (597)

• second to last King of Judah, deported to Babylon after siege of Jerusalem in 597, replaced with uncle Zedekiah (who would also revolt, leading to Temple's destruction).

Josiah

• Babylonian King who destroyed the first temple (586) and deported much of Jerusalem's population (597)

• rebelled against Assyria, Sennacherib. Siege of Jerusalem in 701 BCE: city is spared, countryside destroyed (part of the reason the city had grown in population up to this point); "Good" king according to Deuteronomists, removed altars to Baal and Asherah; Reign: 716(?) to 698 BCE

• second to last King of Judah, deported to Babylon after siege of Jerusalem in 597, replaced with uncle Zedekiah (who would also revolt, leading to Temple's destruction).

• last "good" king of Jerusalem, according to Deuteronomists; Found the book of the law (different than Torah (the law) and the Arc of the covenant) in the Temple → destroyed all foreign deities (sacred stones, Asherah poles, idols, etc); Torah is the first five books of the Bible; Failed to save Jerusalem from destruction, but was spared from seeing it (reign: 640 to 609 BCE, dies during battle with Pharaoh Neco).

Nebuchadnezzar

• vessel which contains God's presence, housed first in tabernacle (tent), later in Solomon's Temple, lost after destruction/exile; Enormous power, Biblically, causes death if placed in wrong areas.

• second king of Judah (after Saul), ruled over United Monarchy; Conquers City of David/Jebus in 1000 BCE, places capitol of United Monarchy there; Establishes Davidic Covenant with God, dynasty is protected as long as they remain faithful, Davidic King will sit on the throne of Israel/Judah

• Babylonian King who destroyed the first temple (586) and deported much of Jerusalem's population (597)

• second to last King of Judah, deported to Babylon after siege of Jerusalem in 597, replaced with uncle Zedekiah (who would also revolt, leading to Temple's destruction).

Jehoiachin

• second to last King of Judah, deported to Babylon after siege of Jerusalem in 597, replaced with uncle Zedekiah (who would also revolt, leading to Temple's destruction).

• second king of Judah (after Saul), ruled over United Monarchy; Conquers City of David/Jebus in 1000 BCE, places capitol of United Monarchy there; Establishes Davidic Covenant with God, dynasty is protected as long as they remain faithful, Davidic King will sit on the throne of Israel/Judah

• Assyrian King who laid siege to Jerusalem in 701 BCE and returned Judah to Assyrian vassalage; Extracted tribute from the temple, got an apology from Hezekiah; Potentially why Menasseh reinstalled idols (pay respect to Assyria)

• rear portion of Solomon's temple that housed the Ark of the Covenant.

  
  

Ark of the Covenant

• rebelled against Assyria, Sennacherib. Siege of Jerusalem in 701 BCE: city is spared, countryside destroyed (part of the reason the city had grown in population up to this point); "Good" king according to Deuteronomists, removed altars to Baal and Asherah; Reign: 716(?) to 698 BCE
  

• first King of the independent Kingdom of Israel. Reign began in 928 BCE. Established rival temples in Dan and Bethel with golden calves.

• vessel which contains God's presence, housed first in tabernacle (tent), later in Solomon's Temple, lost after destruction/exile; Enormous power, Biblically, causes death if placed in wrong areas

• prophet during the Babylonian exile who saw a vision of idolatry and anti-Zion tradition activities in the Temple, cited as reason for Jerusalem's destruction (Ezekiel 9); Prophesied that the exiles would return to Jerusalem (Ezekiel 11), covenant with God was still in place, and that God's presence ("glory") was no longer in the Temple (Ezekiel 10).

David

• "the law"; Torah is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, Law of Moses, foundational to Jewish identity and religious practice, particularly emphasized during the Exile.

• the eastern boundary of Jerusalem, also called the "Valley of Jehoshaphat, Located east of Jerusalem, has significant biblical associations, including events in the life of David and Jesus.

• high point on the Eastern Ridge, north of the Ophel, site of the Temple and other important religious sites (Dome of the Rock, Western Wall)

• second king of Judah (after Saul), ruled over United Monarchy; Conquers City of David/Jebus in 1000 BCE, places capitol of United Monarchy there; Establishes Davidic Covenant with God, dynasty is protected as long as they remain faithful, Davidic King will sit on the throne of Israel/Judah

Solomon

• Assyrian King who laid siege to Jerusalem in 701 BCE and returned Judah to Assyrian vassalage; Extracted tribute from the temple, got an apology from Hezekiah; Potentially why Menasseh reinstalled idols (pay respect to Assyria)

• (175-164 BCE) A Seleucid king whose reign prompted the Maccabean Revolt due to oppressive Hellenistic policies against Jewish practices, impacting Jewish identity and resistance.

• old name of Jerusalem, pre Davidic conquest (pre 1000 BCE)

• Third King of Jerusalem, fulfills Davidic promise to build a home for the Lord in Jerusalem, built in 960 BCE

Sennacherib

• second king of Judah (after Saul), ruled over United Monarchy; Conquers City of David/Jebus in 1000 BCE, places capitol of United Monarchy there; Establishes Davidic Covenant with God, dynasty is protected as long as they remain faithful, Davidic King will sit on the throne of Israel/Judah

• major deportations in 597 where much of Jerusalem's population was expelled, went against many Zion traditions and fundamentally changed Jewish thought.

• Assyrian King who laid siege to Jerusalem in 701 BCE and returned Judah to Assyrian vassalage; Extracted tribute from the temple, got an apology from Hezekiah; Potentially why Menasseh reinstalled idols (pay respect to Assyria)

• "the law"; Torah is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, Law of Moses, foundational to Jewish identity and religious practice, particularly emphasized during the Exile.

Samaria

• rebelled against Assyria, Sennacherib. Siege of Jerusalem in 701 BCE: city is spared, countryside destroyed (part of the reason the city had grown in population up to this point); "Good" king according to Deuteronomists, removed altars to Baal and Asherah; Reign: 716(?) to 698 BCE

• name for the Assyrian province which was created from the Northern Kingdom of Israel after its destruction in 722 BCE

• second to last King of Judah, deported to Babylon after siege of Jerusalem in 597, replaced with uncle Zedekiah (who would also revolt, leading to Temple's destruction).

• southern and western boundary of the Old City

Divided Monarchy

• Occurred in 928 BCE after Solomon's death and Jeroboam's revolt. Resulted in continuous conflict between Judah and Israel - Judah's perspective was that they were idolatrous/heretics (built rival temples in Dan and Bethel).

• found by Josiah in the Temple; it contained a list of things people are allowed to do, and another list of things people shouldn't do: contained many Deuteronomical ideas and encouraged Josiah to remove idols and altars to other deities;It gave some insights as to why the northern kingdom (Judah) fell; thus Israel (king Josiah) knows not to do those things that Judah (especially king Manasseh did)

• settled later, in the 8th century BCE (700s) during the Assyrian period, as people moved from the countryside to Jerusalem; ount Zion has been used in the Hebrew Bible first for the City of David (2 Samuel 5:7, 1 Chronicles 11:5; 1 Kings 8:1, 2 Chronicles 5:2) and later for the Temple Mount, but its meaning has shifted and it is now used as the name of ancient Jerusalem's Western Hill.; aka western ridge

• important water supply for Jerusalem, not the only one. Connected to Siloam Pool via Hezekiah's tunnel