Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic Bonds_ Mastery Test

Select the correct answer. How does an atom become a positively charged ion?

• by gaining one or more electrons

• by gaining one or more neutrons

• by losing one or more electrons

• by losing one or more neutrons

Select the correct answer. Which is the reason that ionic compounds are brittle?

• The bonds between the anions and cations are weak and therefore easily broken.

• A strong repulsive force is created when cations suddenly align.

• They involve positive metal ions in a sea of delocalized electrons.

• They share electrons, which makes the bond brittle.

Select the correct answer. According to the Lewis dot structure shown here, how many valence electrons does chlorine have?

• 4

• 6

• 7

• 8

Select the correct answer. How are ionic bonds formed?

• by the disintegration of one or more electrons

• by the sharing of one or more electrons between two atoms

• by the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another

• by the disintegration of one or more protons

Select the correct answer. Which statement best explains the octet rule?

• Atoms gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full valence shell.

• Compounds always consist of eight electrons.

• Molecules always consist of eight atoms.

• All atoms require eight electrons to form bonds.

Select the correct answer. The hypothetical elements shown here do not include hydrogen or helium. Which element would you expect to bond covalently with an oxygen atom to form a two-atom molecule?

• figure a

• figure b

• figure c

• figure d

Select the correct answer. Which statement is true regarding the formation of ionic bonds?

• Anions and cations share electrons.

• Atoms transfer electrons to form cations and anions.

• Ions transfer electrons to form cations and anions.

• Anions and cations donate electrons.

Select the correct answer. What are ionic compounds typically composed of?

• a metal anion and a nonmetal cation

• two metal anions

• a metal cation and a nonmetal anion

• two nonmetal cations

Select the correct answer. Which statement best describes the properties of ionic compounds?

• They are brittle, solid at room temperature, and have a high melting point.

• They are always composed of an equal proportion of cations to anions.

• They mostly have low melting and boiling points.

• They are good conductors of heat and electricity and are ductile and malleable.