Exploring States of Matter

What are the three main states of matter?

• gas, liquid, crystal

• solid, liquid, plasma

• solid, liquid, gas

• plasma, vapor, foam

Describe the particle arrangement in solids.

• Particles in solids are loosely arranged and can move freely.

• Particles in solids are spread out and have large spaces between them.

• Particles in solids are arranged in a random, chaotic manner.

• Particles in solids are tightly packed in a fixed, orderly arrangement, vibrating in place.

What happens to the particles in a liquid when heated?

• The particles in a liquid stop moving when heated.

• The particles in a liquid sink to the bottom when heated.

• The particles in a liquid move faster and spread apart when heated.

• The particles in a liquid become solid when heated.

Define the term 'melting' in relation to changes of state.

• Melting is the change of state from solid to liquid due to heat.

• Melting is the process of freezing a liquid into a solid.

• Melting refers to the evaporation of a liquid into gas.

• Melting is the change of state from gas to solid due to cold.

What is the main characteristic of gases compared to solids and liquids?

• Gases have particles that are heavier than those in solids and liquids.

• Gases have a definite shape and volume like solids.

• Gases have particles that are tightly packed and vibrate in place.

• Gases have particles that are far apart and move freely.

Explain how the particle theory describes the behavior of gases.

• The particle theory describes gases as composed of tiny, constantly moving particles that are far apart, collide elastically, and have negligible intermolecular forces.

• The particle theory states that gas particles are tightly packed and do not move.

• Gases are made up of large, stationary particles that attract each other strongly.

• Gases consist of particles that are always in a liquid state and have high intermolecular forces.

What is the process called when a solid turns directly into a gas?

• Sublimation

• Condensation

• Melting

• Evaporation

List two properties of liquids that distinguish them from solids.

• Liquids are more rigid than solids.

• Liquids cannot flow and take the shape of their container.

• 1. Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape. 2. Liquids can flow and are less rigid than solids.

• Liquids have a definite shape and volume.

How do the particles in a solid behave at absolute zero?

• Particles in a solid collapse into a liquid state at absolute zero.

• Particles in a solid vibrate minimally around fixed positions at absolute zero.

• Particles in a solid move freely without restriction at absolute zero.

• Particles in a solid lose all mass and disappear at absolute zero.

What is vaporization and how does it occur?

• Vaporization occurs only at high pressures and low temperatures.

• Vaporization is the process of a gas turning into a solid.

• Vaporization is the same as condensation, where gas turns into liquid.

• Vaporization is the process of a substance transitioning from liquid or solid to gas, occurring through boiling or evaporation.