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What is the main aim of teletraffic engineering?

• To reduce the number of subscribers

• To increase the cost of telecommunication systems

• To plan, optimize, and manage telecommunication networks efficiently

• To ensure all subscribers are connected at all times

Answer explanation

Teletraffic engineering involves applying probability disciplines to plan, optimize, and manage telecommunication systems. The focus is on ensuring cost-effective operations, proper dimensioning, and maintaining a desired quality of service (GoS) for users (Slide 4).

What is a common approach to manage traffic in a telecommunication system when there are insufficient resources?

• Reduce the number of subscribers

• Increase the system cost

• Implement loss systems, waiting systems, or mixed systems

• Randomly disconnect ongoing calls

Answer explanation

Telecommunication systems can be managed by using loss systems (where excess arrivals are blocked), waiting systems (where excess arrivals wait), or mixed systems (where arrivals might wait or be lost). This approach helps maintain service levels even when the system is under heavy load (Slide 8).

Which unit is commonly used to measure traffic intensity in telecommunication?

• Gigabytes (GB)

• Erlang (E)

• Megahertz (MHz)

• Kilobytes per second (Kbps)

Answer explanation

Traffic intensity is measured in Erlangs, which represent the average number of calls simultaneously in progress over a period of time. It is a standard unit for assessing load in telecommunication networks (Slide 14).

What is the Erlang B formula used for in telecommunication systems?

• To measure call duration

• To determine the probability of call blocking

• To optimize data transfer speeds

• To measure signal strength

Answer explanation

The Erlang B formula calculates the probability that a call will be blocked in a system that does not have enough resources (servers or channels). It is a key concept in teletraffic theory to ensure efficient network planning (Slide 44).

What does a Grade of Service (GoS) of 0.05 signify in a telecommunication network?

• 5% of calls will be blocked during peak times

• The system operates at 5% capacity

• There is a 95% success rate in data transmission

• The network allows only 5 calls at a time

Answer explanation

GoS is a measure of call blocking probability. A GoS of 0.05 indicates that 5% of calls might not be successfully connected due to insufficient resources during peak load times (Slide 28).