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Definition: natural selection

• inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival
• organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
• a growing population causes a scarcity of resources
• differences in the DNA sequence

How do you "win" at natural selection?

• survive

• go extinct

• survive & reproduce

A slight difference in an inherited trait between individual members of the same species.

• variations
• adapatations
• homologous structures
• analogous structures

English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882).

• Darwin
• Wallace
• Linnaeus
• Lamarck

Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.

• Extinction
• Genetic variation
• Natural Resources
• Evolution

A term that typically describes a species that no longer has any known living individuals

• Generation Time
• Fossil Record
• Extinct
• Speciation

Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms.

• Natural Selection
• Fossil
• Adaptation
• Derived trait

Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called natural selection.

• Survival of the Fittest
• Extinction
• Derived trait
• Artificial Selection

Individuals that are better able to cope with the challenges of their environment tend to

• Increase in population over time.

• Decrease in population over time.

• Leave fewer offspring than those less suited to the environment.

• Both (a) and (c)

The Asian shore crab invaded parts of the eastern coast of the United States about 15 years ago. The Asian shore crab preys on blue mussels. In the time since the Asian shore crab arrived, the average shell thickness of the blue mussel population has increased.

Which of the following is the most likely reason that this increase in shell thickness has occurred?

• Blue mussels with thick shells attract more crabs that mussels without thick shells.

• Blue mussels with thick shells grow in larger colonies than mussels without thick shells.

• Blue mussels with thick shells catch more food per day than mussels without thick shells.

• Blue mussels with thick shells survive and reproduce more successfully than mussels without thick shells.