GS Research Final Exam Part 4

In a study comparing smokers and non-smokers in terms of lung capacity, what type of research is being conducted?

• Experimental Research

• Causal Comparative Research

• Correlational Research

• Descriptive Research

In correlational research, which of the following statements is true?

• It proves causality between variables.

• It shows whether there is a relationship between variables without establishing cause and effect.

• It manipulates one variable to observe its effect on another.

• It tests hypotheses using qualitative data.

What is the primary goal of the control group in experimental research?

• To receive the experimental treatment.

• To observe and record the behavior of participants.

• To serve as a baseline for comparison against the experimental group.

• To introduce new variables into the study.

What is one of the limitations of causal comparative research?

• It requires a large sample size for generalization.

• It can establish causality between variables.

• It cannot manipulate variables to determine cause and effect.

• It always requires random assignment of participants.

In descriptive research, why might a survey be used instead of an experiment?

• To explore the cause and effect relationship.

• To manipulate the behavior of participants.

• To gather opinions, attitudes, and behaviors without seeking to establish causality.

• To test a specific hypothesis using control groups.

What is the primary purpose of quantitative research?

• To explore subjective experiences

• To generate numerical data and identify patterns

• To develop theories based on observations

• To understand cultural phenomena

Which of the following is a common data collection method in quantitative research?

• Interviews

• Focus groups

• Surveys

• Ethnography

Which type of reasoning is often associated with quantitative research?

• Inductive

• Deductive

• Abductive

• Intuitive

In quantitative research, what does the term “variable” refer to?

• A constant value

• A factor that can change or vary

• A theoretical framework

• A research hypothesis

Which statistical test would you use to compare the means of two independent groups?

• Chi square test

• ANOVA

• T test

• Regression analysis