STS211 (MIDTERM EXAM)

Which of the following regions is often referred to as one of the cradles of early science due to its contributions to mathematics and astronomy?

• Mesoamerica

• Asia

• Ancient Egypt

• Sub-Saharan Africa

The Maya civilization is known for developing a sophisticated calendar system. What does this exemplify about their contributions to early science?

• Their focus on medicinal practices

• Their advancements in agricultural techniques

• Their understanding of celestial movements

• Their innovations in architecture

Ancient Indian scholars made significant contributions to mathematics, including the concept of zero. What does this reveal about the development of science in India?

• A lack of interest in mathematical concepts

• An emphasis on philosophical inquiry

• Advanced mathematical understanding and innovations

• A focus on agricultural practices

Which of the following inventions is attributed to ancient China, showcasing their scientific advancements?

• The telescope

• The printing press

• Gunpowder

• The compass

The Islamic Golden Age saw significant advancements in various sciences. What is one major contribution from this period?

• The invention of the wheel

• The establishment of algebra

• The development of democracy

• The discovery of electricity

How did the astronomical observations of the Maya influence their agricultural practices?

• By leading to a disregard for natural cycles

• By allowing for the alignment of planting and harvesting times

• By promoting random planting schedules

• By focusing solely on celestial events without practical application

The introduction of the concept of zero in ancient India had a profound impact on mathematics. What does this innovation demonstrate about the analytical capabilities of Indian scholars?

• They relied on existing Greek mathematical concepts.

• They were limited in their mathematical understanding.

• They developed a unique and sophisticated numerical system.

• They prioritized practical applications over theoretical concepts.

When comparing inventions from ancient China and the Middle East, what common theme can be identified in their development?

• Both focused primarily on military applications.

• Both were driven by philosophical rather than practical needs.

• Both contributed significantly to navigation and exploration.

• Both were inventions that had little impact on society.

How did early scientific practices in Africa contribute to the understanding of medicine?

• Through the exclusive use of herbal remedies without documentation.

• By integrating spiritual beliefs with empirical observations of healing.

• By ignoring the importance of community and cultural practices.

• By relying solely on European knowledge of medicine.

How did the exchange of knowledge between these regions (Mesoamerica, Asia, Middle East, and Africa) enhance the development of science globally?

• It created isolated scientific communities.

• It led to a stagnant understanding of scientific principles.

• It fostered collaboration and the sharing of ideas, leading to innovations.

• It caused confusion and conflict over differing beliefs.