Unit 1 Assessment

________ says force is equal to mass times acceleration (F = ma).

• Newton's Second Law

• Einstein's Theory of Relativity

• Pythagorean Theorem

• Archimedes' Principle

Answer explanation

Newton's Second Law states that force (F) is equal to mass (m) times acceleration (a), expressed as F = ma. This fundamental principle of physics explains how the motion of an object changes when a force is applied.

________ says every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

• Newton's Third Law

• Einstein's Theory of Relativity

• Pythagorean Theorem

• Archimedes' Principle

Answer explanation

Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This principle is fundamental in physics, explaining how forces interact.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

The energy an object has due to its motion is called (a)   .

• Kinetic energy

• Potential energy

• Thermal energy

• Chemical energy

Answer explanation

The energy an object possesses due to its motion is known as kinetic energy. It is distinct from potential energy, which is stored energy, and other forms like thermal and chemical energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The stored energy in an object due to its position is called _________.

• Potential energy

• Kinetic energy

• Thermal energy

• Chemical energy

Answer explanation

The stored energy in an object due to its position is known as potential energy. It contrasts with kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion. Therefore, the correct answer is potential energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Energy stored in substances like food or fuel is called (a)   .

• Chemical energy

• Kinetic energy

• Thermal energy

• Nuclear energy

Answer explanation

Energy stored in substances like food or fuel is known as chemical energy. This type of energy is released during chemical reactions, making it essential for biological processes and combustion.

Energy that comes from charged particles (like electrons) is called (a)   .

• Electrical energy

• Thermal energy

• Nuclear energy

• Mechanical energy

Answer explanation

Energy from charged particles, such as electrons, is known as electrical energy. This type of energy is fundamental in powering devices and is distinct from thermal, nuclear, and mechanical energy.

_______ is energy released from the nucleus of atoms during fission or fusion.

• Nuclear energy

• Chemical energy

• Thermal energy

• Mechanical energy

Answer explanation

Nuclear energy is the energy released from the nucleus of atoms during fission (splitting) or fusion (combining). It is distinct from chemical, thermal, and mechanical energy, which involve different processes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-8

_______ is the energy of motion in machines or physical systems.

• Kinetic energy

• Potential energy

• Thermal energy

• Chemical energy

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy of motion. In machines or physical systems, it represents the energy that an object possesses due to its movement, making it the correct choice for this question.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Energy carried by sound waves is called _______.

• Sound energy

• Thermal energy

• Kinetic energy

• Electrical energy

Answer explanation

Energy carried by sound waves is specifically referred to as sound energy. This distinguishes it from other forms of energy like thermal, kinetic, or electrical energy, which are associated with different physical phenomena.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Match the following forces with their effects.

• The force that slows things down when moving through air.

• Thrust

• The force that propels an object forward.

• Gravity

• The force that acts perpendicular to the direction of motion, often used in aviation.

• Lift

• The force that pulls objects towards the center of the Earth.

• Drag

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4