EMR Chapter 5 Introduction to Pathophysiology

When the body has an adequate supply of oxygen and converts glucose into energy, it is called:

• aerobic metabolism

• anaerobic metabolism

• metabolic acidosis

• metabolic compromise

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Edema is most appropriately defined as:

• hypoglycemia

• swelling

• electrolyte imbalance

• dehydration

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When a patient is bleeding severely, the body attempts to maintain perfusion by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

• releasing epinephrine

• decreasing heart rate

• increasing heart rate

• constricting blood vessels

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When the diaphragm contracts and the chest expands, the pressure inside the chest:

• increases

• stays the same

• decreases

• increases, then rapidly decreases

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When there is buildup of carbon dioxide in the body, the body responds by ____ respirations in an attempt to blow off the excess.

• stopping

• maintaining

• decreasing

• increasing

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Bleeding inside the chest that causes the lung to collapse away from the chest wall is called a:

• hemothorax

• pulmonary edema

• pleural decompression

• pneumothorax

Arteries carry primarily ___ blood away from the heart, while veins primarily carry ___ blood back to the heart

• deoxygenated / oxygenated

• hypoglycemic / hyperglycemic

• oxygenated / deoxygenated

• whole / plasma

The tiny blood vessels that allow substances to move in and out of the blood stream are called:

• capillaries

• arterioles

• branchloles

• aortas

The condition of having a blood pressure that is too high is called:

• hypotension

• bradycardia

• tachycardia

• hypertension

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A patient with a rapid heart rate may have decreased cardiac output because....

• the heart muscles become agitated and pump an excessive amount of blood

• the heart muscles become tired and are unable to pump as much blood

• the ventricles are filled with too much blood, so stroke volume would increase

• the ventricles do not have enough time to refill with blood, so stroke volume decreases